人民代表大会制度和全国人民代表大会

    人民代表大会制度是中国的根本政治制度，是国家的政体。
    The people's congress system is the fundamental political system of the People's Republic of China (PRC), and the system of government of the country.

    人民代表大会制度是体现我国“一切权力属于人民”这一社会主义民主实质的根本制度。
    The system most directly reflects the nature of the PRC, indicating the status of the Chinese people of various ethnic groups as masters in the country's political life.

    人民代表大会是人民行使国家权力的最高机构。
    The NPC is the highest institution through which the Chinese people exercise their state power.

1953年，中国基层政权在普选的基础上，逐级召开了人民代表大会。1954年9月召开了第一届全国人民代表大会，标志着以人民代表大会为基础的国家政权制度全面确立，国家权力开始由人民选举产生的人民代表大会统一行使。
    In 1953, China held people's congresses at different levels. In1954, the First National People's Congress (NPC) was convened, marking the establishment of the people's congress system in China.

    全国人民代表大会制定和修改宪法并监督其实施；制定和修改国家基本法律和其他法律。选举全国人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员；选举中华人民共和国主席、副主席；根据中华人民共和国主席的提名，决定国务院总理的人选；根据国务院总理的提名，决定国务院其他组成人员的人选；选举中央军事委员会主席；根据中央军事委员会主席的提名，决定中央军委其他组成人员的人选；选举最高人民法院院长；选举最高人民检察院检察长。对以上人员，全国人民代表大会都有权予以罢免。根据宪法和法律监督政府工作；审查和决定基础的、长期的、重要的国家事务。
    The NPC exercises legislative power, amends the Constitution and supervises its enforcement, formulates and amends basic statutes and other laws; elects and decides on the leading personnel of state-level administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military bodies, and has the right to recall them; supervises government work in accordance with the Constitution and laws; and examines and decides on the fundamental, long-term and key issues of the state.

    所有行政、司法、检察及军事机构和国家级机关均向全国人大负责并受其监督。
    All administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military organs and other state-level institutions are responsible to the NPC and supervised by it.

(来源：中国网，编辑 Helen)