2018年政府工作报告（双语全文）

三、对2018年政府工作的建议
The work of government in 2018

今年经济社会发展任务十分繁重。要紧紧抓住大有可为的历史机遇期，统筹兼顾、突出重点，扎实做好各项工作。
The tasks of economic and social development this year are formidable. We should make the most of this period of historic opportunity—a period for making things happen. We should take coordinated action that covers all sectors and focus on clear priorities, to deliver a solid performance in all areas of work.

（一）深入推进供给侧结构性改革。坚持把发展经济着力点放在实体经济上，继续抓好“三去一降一补”，大力简政减税减费，不断优化营商环境，进一步激发市场主体活力，提升经济发展质量。
1. Stepping up supply-side structural reform

In economic development we need to focus on the real economy. We should continue to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness. We should take big steps to streamline administration and cut taxes and fees, keep improving the business environment, and further energize market entities, to increase the quality of economic growth.

发展壮大新动能。做大做强新兴产业集群，实施大数据发展行动，加强新一代人工智能研发应用，在医疗、养老、教育、文化、体育等多领域推进“互联网＋”。加快发展现代服务业。发展智能产业，拓展智能生活，建设智慧社会。运用新技术、新业态、新模式，大力改造提升传统产业。加强新兴产业统计。加大网络提速降费力度，实现高速宽带城乡全覆盖，扩大公共场所免费上网范围，明显降低家庭宽带、企业宽带和专线使用费，取消流量“漫游”费，移动网络流量资费年内至少降低30％，让群众和企业切实受益，为数字中国、网络强国建设加油助力。
We should develop powerful new growth drivers.

We should create big, strong industrial clusters in emerging industries, implement the big data development action plan, step up next-generation artificial intelligence R&D and application, and do more to promote the Internet Plus model in many fields like medical care, elderly care, education, culture, and sports. We should move faster to develop modern services. We should develop intelligent industries, expand intelligent living, and build a smart society. We should use new technologies, new forms of business, and new models to transform and upgrade traditional industries. Statistics on emerging industries should be strengthened.We should do more to speed up broadband and bring down internet rates, achieve high-speed broadband access in both urban and rural areas, and make free internet access available in more public places. We should significantly lower the rates of home broadband, and corporate broadband and dedicated internet access services; domestic data roaming charges should be abolished, and rates for mobile internet services should be cut by at least 30 percent. These steps would bring tangible benefits to people and businesses, and boost the development of a Digital China and a leader in cyberspace.

加快制造强国建设。推动集成电路、第五代移动通信、飞机发动机、新能源汽车、新材料等产业发展，实施重大短板装备专项工程，推进智能制造，发展工业互联网平台，创建“中国制造2025”示范区。大幅压减工业生产许可证，强化产品质量监管。全面开展质量提升行动，推进与国际先进水平对标达标，弘扬劳模精神和工匠精神，建设知识型、技能型、创新型劳动者大军，来一场中国制造的品质革命。
We should speed up work to build China into a leader in manufacturing.

We should promote the development of integrated circuits, 5G mobile communications, aircraft engines, new-energy vehicles, and new materials. We should launch an initiative to shore up weaknesses in major equipment manufacturing, advance smart manufacturing, develop industrial internet platforms, and create Made in China 2025 demonstration zones.We should significantly scale back industrial production licensing, and strengthen product quality oversight. We should take action in all sectors to improve quality, and work toward meeting the highest international standards. We should encourage the model worker work ethic and the spirit of quality workmanship, build an educated, skilled, and innovative workforce, and ignite a quality revolution in Chinese manufacturing.

继续破除无效供给。坚持用市场化法治化手段，严格执行环保、质量、安全等法规标准，化解过剩产能、淘汰落后产能。今年再压减钢铁产能3000万吨左右，退出煤炭产能1．5亿吨左右，淘汰关停不达标的30万千瓦以下煤电机组。加大“僵尸企业”破产清算和重整力度，做好职工安置和债务处置。减少无效供给要抓出新成效。
We should continue cutting ineffective supply.

With a commitment to using approaches consistent with market principles and the rule of law, we need to strictly enforce environmental protection, quality, and safety laws, regulations, and standards, and ease overcapacity and close down outdated production facilities. This year, steel production capacity should be further cut by around 30 million metric tons and coal production capacity should be cut by about 150 million metric tons. Coal-fired power generating units with a capacity of less than 300,000 kilowatts that fail to meet standards should be closed.We should step up work on “zombie enterprise” bankruptcy liquidations and reorganization, ensuring that affected employees are given assistance and debts are dealt with. In cutting ineffective supply, we need to knuckle down to produce new results.

深化“放管服”改革。全面实施全国统一的市场准入负面清单制度。在全国推开“证照分离”改革，重点是照后减证，各类证能减尽减、能合则合，进一步压缩企业开办时间。大幅缩短商标注册周期。工程建设项目审批时间再压减一半。推进企业投资项目承诺制改革试点。全面实施“双随机、一公开”监管，决不允许假冒伪劣滋生蔓延，决不允许执法者吃拿卡要。深入推进“互联网＋政务服务”，使更多事项在网上办理，必须到现场办的也要力争做到“只进一扇门”、“最多跑一次”。加强政务服务标准化建设。大力推进综合执法机构机制改革，着力解决多头多层重复执法问题。加快政府信息系统互联互通，打通信息孤岛。清理群众和企业办事的各类证明，没有法律法规依据的一律取消。优化营商环境就是解放生产力、提高竞争力，要破障碍、去烦苛、筑坦途，为市场主体添活力，为人民群众增便利。
We should deepen the reforms designed to delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengthen services.

We should put fully into effect a nationally unified market access negative list system. The reform separating permits and certificates from business licenses should be rolled out nationwide. With the main thrust of this reform being to cut back on the permits and certificates now required once a business license is issued, all that can be cut should be cut, and all that can be merged should be merged. This would further trim a chunk off the time it takes to complete all the procedures required for starting a business. The turnaround time for registering a trademark should be significantly shortened, and the time it takes for a construction project to get government approval should again be halved. Trial reforms should be advanced to introduce a business-invested project commitment system.An oversight model using randomly selected inspectors to inspect randomly selected entities and requiring the prompt release of results should be implemented across the board. There should be zero tolerance for counterfeit and substandard products and corruption in law enforcement.We should make progress with the Internet Plus Government Services model, enabling more matters to be processed online, and doing our best to see that things requiring presence in person get done in one place and without the need for a second trip. We should step up efforts to standardize government services. We should work hard to advance the comprehensive institutional reform of law enforcement bodies, focusing on resolving the problem of layers of duplication in law enforcement. We should work faster to develop government information system connectivity and connect up information islands. We should review all types of certificates required of individuals and businesses when accessing government services, and put a stop to anything being required that does not have a basis in law or regulations. Creating a better business environment would unlock productivity and increase competitiveness. We need to remove barriers, cut red tape, and build even pathways, to energize market entities and bring greater convenience to the people.

进一步减轻企业税负。改革完善增值税制度，按照三档并两档方向调整税率水平，重点降低制造业、交通运输等行业税率，提高小规模纳税人年销售额标准。大幅扩展享受减半征收所得税优惠政策的小微企业范围。大幅提高企业新购入仪器设备税前扣除上限。实施企业境外所得综合抵免政策。扩大物流企业仓储用地税收优惠范围。继续实施企业重组土地增值税、契税等到期优惠政策。全年再为企业和个人减税8000多亿元，促进实体经济转型升级，着力激发市场活力和社会创造力。
We should further lighten the tax burden on businesses.

The VAT system should be reformed and improved: We should turn the three tax brackets into two and adjust rates, prioritize lowering rates in manufacturing and transportation, and raise the annual sales threshold for small-scale taxpayers. Far greater numbers of small low-profit businesses should have their income tax halved, and the ceilings on deductible business purchases of instruments and equipment should be significantly raised. A policy of uniform corporate income tax exemption on the overseas earnings of Chinese businesses should be put into implementation. More logistics companies should be able to enjoy preferential tax treatment on their use of land for storage facilities. Some expiring preferential policies should be extended, such as those on VAT and deed transfer tax on land transactions in enterprise reorganizations.These measures would, over the year, reduce taxes on businesses and individuals by more than 800 billion yuan, promote the transformation and upgrading of the real economy, and do much to unleash market vitality and public creativity.

大幅降低企业非税负担。进一步清理规范行政事业性收费，调低部分政府性基金征收标准。继续阶段性降低企业“五险一金”缴费比例。降低电网环节收费和输配电价格，一般工商业电价平均降低10％。深化收费公路制度改革，降低过路过桥费用。加大中介服务收费清理整顿力度。全年要为市场主体减轻非税负担3000多亿元，不合理的坚决取消，过高的坚决降下来，让企业轻装上阵、聚力发展。
We should slash non-tax burdens on businesses.

We should further review and standardize government administrative fees, and lower required payments to some government-managed funds. We should continue the time-limited policy of lowering the share borne by businesses for contributions to old-age pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund schemes. Power grid charges and electricity transmission and distribution prices should be lowered, and the price of electricity for general industrial and commercial businesses should be cut by an average of 10 percent. We should deepen reform of the system of highway tolls and reduce tolls on highways and bridges. Charges for intermediary services should be thoroughly overhauled.This year, to lighten the non-tax burden on market entities by over 300 billion yuan, all unjustified fees need to be abolished and all excessive fees need to be cut, leaving enterprises with a much lighter load and free to focus their resources on their development.

（二）加快建设创新型国家。把握世界新一轮科技革命和产业变革大势，深入实施创新驱动发展战略，不断增强经济创新力和竞争力。
2. Moving faster to make China a country of innovators
The latest global revolution in science and technology and industrial transformation are trends we must make the most of. We should do more in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, and keep on making the Chinese economy more innovative and competitive.

加强国家创新体系建设。强化基础研究、应用基础研究和原始创新，启动一批科技创新重大项目，高标准建设国家实验室。鼓励企业牵头实施重大科技项目，支持科研院所、高校与企业融通创新，加快创新成果转化应用。国家科技投入要向民生领域倾斜，加强雾霾治理研究，推进癌症等重大疾病防治攻关，使科技更好造福人民。
We should improve national innovation systems.

We should strengthen basic research, application-oriented basic research, and original innovation, launch a number of major science and technology innovation programs, and build top-quality national laboratories. We should encourage enterprises to head up major science and technology programs, support collaborative innovation by research institutes, universities, and enterprises, and speed up the commercialization and application of innovations. State investments in science and technology should be weighted toward fields related to improving living standards; smog prevention and control research should be strengthened, and more should be done toward making breakthroughs in the prevention and treatment of cancers and other serious diseases, to make science and technology do more to benefit the people.

落实和完善创新激励政策。改革科技管理制度，科研项目绩效评价要加快从重过程向重结果转变。赋予创新团队和领军人才更大的人财物支配权和技术路线决策权。对承担重大科技攻关任务的科研人员，采取灵活的薪酬制度和奖励措施。探索赋予科研人员科技成果所有权或长期使用权。有悖于激励创新的陈规旧章，要抓紧修改废止；有碍于释放创新活力的繁文缛节，要下决心砍掉。
We should act on and improve policies that stimulate innovation.

We should reform the science and technology management system, and speed up the shift in research project performance assessment from emphasis on processes to emphasis on outcomes. We should empower innovation teams and leaders by seeing that they have more human, financial, and material resources at their disposal and more power to make decisions related to technology roadmaps. For researchers working on major scientific and technological breakthroughs we should adopt flexible remuneration systems and reward schemes. We should explore ways to grant researchers ownership or permanent use rights over their scientific and technological outputs.All outdated rules and regulations that sap the inspiration for innovation need to be modified or abolished without delay, and all red tape that strangles efforts to unlock innovation need to be torn clean away.

促进大众创业、万众创新上水平。我国拥有世界上规模最大的人力人才资源，这是创新发展的最大“富矿”。要提供全方位创新创业服务，推进“双创”示范基地建设，鼓励大企业、高校和科研院所等开放创新资源，发展平台经济、共享经济，形成线上线下结合、产学研用协同、大中小企业融合的创新创业格局，打造“双创”升级版。设立国家融资担保基金，支持优质创新型企业上市融资，将创业投资、天使投资税收优惠政策试点范围扩大到全国。深化人才发展体制改革，推动人力资源自由有序流动，支持企业提高技术工人待遇，加大高技能人才激励，鼓励海外留学人员回国创新创业，拓宽外国人才来华绿色通道。集众智汇众力，一定能跑出中国创新“加速度”。
We need to take the nationwide business startup and innovation initiative to the next level.

China is home to the biggest pool of human resources and talent in the world. In this we have the greatest gold mine there is for innovation and development. We should provide services that tick every box for inventors, innovators, and entrepreneurs, and establish more business startup and innovation demonstration centers. We should encourage large enterprises, universities, research institutes, and other organizations to enable access to the resources necessary for innovation, boost the platform economy and the sharing economy, and create an innovation and entrepreneurship landscape of combinations of online and offline activities, collaboration between enterprises, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and partnering between businesses of all sizes. With these efforts, we would create an upgraded edition of the national initiative to promote business startups and innovation.We should establish a state financing guaranty fund, support leading innovative enterprises in going public, and extend nationwide the pilot preferential tax policies for venture capital investment and angel investment.We should deepen the reform of institutions for talent development, promote free, orderly flows of human resources, support enterprises in increasing pay packages for technical workers, and strengthen the incentives for highly skilled personnel.We should encourage overseas Chinese students to return to China after completing their studies to pursue business and other innovative ventures; we should create a fast track to attract more foreign talent to China. If myriad intellects are brought together and all energies are pooled, we can be sure to see China break into a sprint in innovation.