关于中美经贸摩擦的事实与中方立场

国务院新闻办公室24日发表《关于中美经贸摩擦的事实与中方立场》白皮书。

双语全文如下：

关于中美经贸摩擦的事实与中方立场
The Facts and China’s Position on China-US Trade Friction

（2018年9月）
中华人民共和国
国务院新闻办公室
Information Office of the State Council
The People’s Republic of China
September 2018

目录
CONTENT

前言
Foreword

一、中美经贸合作互利共赢
I. Mutually-beneficial and win-win cooperation between China and the US in trade and economy

二、中美经贸关系的事实
II. Clarifications of the facts about China-US trade and economic cooperation

三、美国政府的贸易保护主义行为
III. The trade protectionist practices of the US administration

四、美国政府的贸易霸凌主义行为
IV. The trade bullyism practices of the US administration

五、美国政府不当做法对世界经济发展的危害
V. Damage of the improper practices of the US administration to global economy

六、中国的立场
VI. China’s position

前言
Foreword

中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，美国是世界上最大的发达国家。中美经贸关系既对两国意义重大，也对全球经济稳定和发展有着举足轻重的影响。
China is the world’s biggest developing country and the United States is the biggest developed country. Trade and economic relations between China and the US are of great significance for the two countries as well as for the stability and development of the world economy.

中美两国建交以来，双边经贸关系持续发展，利益交汇点不断增多，形成了紧密合作关系，不仅使两国共同获益，而且惠及全球。特别是进入新世纪以来，在经济全球化快速发展过程中，中美两国遵循双边协定和世界贸易组织等多边规则，拓展深化经贸合作，基于比较优势和市场选择形成了结构高度互补、利益深度交融的互利共赢关系。双方通过优势互补、互通有无，有力促进了各自经济发展和产业结构优化升级，同时提升了全球价值链效率与效益，降低了生产成本，丰富了商品种类，极大促进了两国企业和消费者利益。
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, bilateral trade and economic ties between China and the US have developed steadily. A close partnership has been forged under which interests of the two countries have become closer and wider. Both countries have benefited from this partnership, as has the rest of the world. Since the beginning of the new century in particular, alongside rapid progress in economic globalization, China and the US have observed bilateral treaties and multilateral rules such as the WTO rules, and economic and trade relations have grown deeper and wider. Based on their comparative strengths and the choices of the market, the two countries have built up a mutually beneficial relationship featuring structural synergy and convergence of interests. Close cooperation and economic complementarity between China and the US have boosted economic growth, industrial upgrading and structural optimization in both countries, and at the same time enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of global value chains, reduced production costs, offered greater product variety, and generated enormous benefit for businesses and consumers in both countries.

中美两国经济发展阶段、经济制度不同，存在经贸摩擦是正常的，关键是如何增进互信、促进合作、管控分歧。长期以来，两国政府本着平等、理性、相向而行的原则，先后建立了中美商贸联委会、战略经济对话、战略与经济对话、全面经济对话等沟通协调机制，双方为此付出了不懈努力，保障了中美经贸关系在近40年时间里克服各种障碍，不断向前发展，成为中美关系的压舱石和推进器。
China and the US are at different stages of development. They have different economic systems. Therefore some level of trade friction is only natural. The key however lies in how to enhance mutual trust, promote cooperation, and manage differences. In the spirit of equality, rationality, and moving to meet each other halfway, the two countries have set up a number of communication and coordination mechanisms such as the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, the Strategic and Economic Dialogue, and the Comprehensive Economic Dialogue. Each has made tremendous efforts to overcome all kinds of obstacles and move economic and trade relations forward, which has served as the ballast and propeller of the overall bilateral relationship.

2017年新一届美国政府上任以来，在“美国优先”的口号下，抛弃相互尊重、平等协商等国际交往基本准则，实行单边主义、保护主义和经济霸权主义，对许多国家和地区特别是中国作出一系列不实指责，利用不断加征关税等手段进行经济恫吓，试图采取极限施压方法将自身利益诉求强加于中国。
Since taking office in 2017, the new administration of the US government has trumpeted “America First”. It has abandoned the fundamental norms of mutual respect and equal consultation that guide international relations. Rather, it has brazenly preached unilateralism, protectionism and economic hegemony, making false accusations against many countries and regions - particularly China - intimidating other countries through economic measures such as imposing tariffs, and attempting to impose its own interests on China through extreme pressure.

面对这种局面，中国从维护两国共同利益和世界贸易秩序大局出发，坚持通过对话协商解决争议的基本原则，以最大的耐心和诚意回应美国关切，以求同存异的态度妥善处理分歧，克服各种困难，同美国开展多轮对话磋商，提出务实解决方案，为稳定双边经贸关系作出了艰苦努力。然而，美国出尔反尔、不断发难，导致中美经贸摩擦在短时间内持续升级，使两国政府和人民多年努力培养起来的中美经贸关系受到极大损害，也使多边贸易体制和自由贸易原则遭遇严重威胁。
China has responded from the perspective of the common interests of both parties as well as the world trade order. It is observing the principle of resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and answering the US concerns with the greatest level of patience and good faith. The Chinese side has been dealing with these differences with an attitude of seeking common ground while shelving divergence. It has overcome many difficulties and made enormous efforts to stabilize China-US economic and trade relations by holding rounds of discussions with the US side and proposing practical solutions. However the US side has been contradicting itself and constantly challenging China. As a result, trade and economic friction between the two sides has escalated quickly over a short period of time, causing serious damage to the economic and trade relations which have developed over the years through the collective work of the two governments and the two peoples, and posing a grave threat to the multilateral trading system and the principle of free trade.

为澄清中美经贸关系事实，阐明中国对中美经贸摩擦的政策立场，推动问题合理解决，中国政府特发布此白皮书。
In order to clarify the facts about China-US economic and trade relations, clarify China’s stance on trade friction with the US, and pursue reasonable solutions, the government of China is publishing this White Paper.