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党的十九大报告(双语全文)

新华网 2017-11-06 08:30

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八、提高保障和改善民生水平,加强和创新社会治理

VIII. Growing Better at Ensuring and Improving People’s Wellbeing and Strengthening and Developing New Approaches to Social Governance

 

全党必须牢记,为什么人的问题,是检验一个政党、一个政权性质的试金石。带领人民创造美好生活,是我们党始终不渝的奋斗目标。必须始终把人民利益摆在至高无上的地位,让改革发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民,朝着实现全体人民共同富裕不断迈进。

Everyone in the Party must keep firmly in mind that the nature of a political party and of a government is determined by those whom they serve. To lead the people to a better life is our Party’s abiding goal. We must put the people’s interests above all else, see that the gains of reform and development benefit all our people in a fair way, and strive to achieve shared prosperity for everyone.

 

保障和改善民生要抓住人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题,既尽力而为,又量力而行,一件事情接着一件事情办,一年接着一年干。坚持人人尽责、人人享有,坚守底线、突出重点、完善制度、引导预期,完善公共服务体系,保障群众基本生活,不断满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要,不断促进社会公平正义,形成有效的社会治理、良好的社会秩序,使人民获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实、更有保障、更可持续。

As we work to ensure and improve people’s wellbeing, we must focus on the most pressing, most immediate issues that concern the people the most. We will do everything in our capacity, and work away at issue by issue, year in and year out. We will see that everyone performs their duties and shares in the benefits. We will see basic needs are met, prioritize key areas, improve institutions, and guide public expectations. We will improve the public service system, ensure people’s basic quality of life, and keep up with people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. We will continue to promote social fairness and justice, develop effective social governance, and maintain public order. With this we should see that our people will always have a strong sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.

 

(一)优先发展教育事业。建设教育强国是中华民族伟大复兴的基础工程,必须把教育事业放在优先位置,深化教育改革,加快教育现代化,办好人民满意的教育。要全面贯彻党的教育方针,落实立德树人根本任务,发展素质教育,推进教育公平,培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。推动城乡义务教育一体化发展,高度重视农村义务教育,办好学前教育、特殊教育和网络教育,普及高中阶段教育,努力让每个孩子都能享有公平而有质量的教育。完善职业教育和培训体系,深化产教融合、校企合作。加快一流大学和一流学科建设,实现高等教育内涵式发展。健全学生资助制度,使绝大多数城乡新增劳动力接受高中阶段教育、更多接受高等教育。支持和规范社会力量兴办教育。加强师德师风建设,培养高素质教师队伍,倡导全社会尊师重教。办好继续教育,加快建设学习型社会,大力提高国民素质。

1. Giving priority to developing education

Strengthening education is fundamental to our pursuit of national rejuvenation. We must give priority to education, further reform in education, speed up its modernization, and develop education that people are satisfied with. We should fully implement the Party’s education policy, foster virtue through education, enhance our students’ well-rounded development, promote fairness in education, and nurture a new generation of capable young people who have a good and all-round moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetical grounding and are well-prepared to join the socialist cause. We will promote the coordinated development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, while giving particular attention to rural areas. We will improve preschool education, special needs education, and online education, make senior secondary education universally available, and strive to see that each and every child has fair access to good education. We will improve the system of vocational education and training, and promote integration between industry and education and cooperation between enterprises and colleges. We will move faster to build Chinese universities into world-class universities and develop world-class disciplines as we work to bring out the full potential of higher education. We will improve the system of financial aid to students, and work to see that the vast majority of the new members of the urban and rural labor force have received senior secondary education, and that more and more of them receive higher education. We will support the well-regulated development of private schools. We will strengthen the professional ethics and competence of teachers, and encourage public respect for educators and public support for education. We will improve continuing education, step up efforts to build a learning society, and promote the well-rounded development of all our people.

 

(二)提高就业质量和人民收入水平。就业是最大的民生。要坚持就业优先战略和积极就业政策,实现更高质量和更充分就业。大规模开展职业技能培训,注重解决结构性就业矛盾,鼓励创业带动就业。提供全方位公共就业服务,促进高校毕业生等青年群体、农民工多渠道就业创业。破除妨碍劳动力、人才社会性流动的体制机制弊端,使人人都有通过辛勤劳动实现自身发展的机会。完善政府、工会、企业共同参与的协商协调机制,构建和谐劳动关系。坚持按劳分配原则,完善按要素分配的体制机制,促进收入分配更合理、更有序。鼓励勤劳守法致富,扩大中等收入群体,增加低收入者收入,调节过高收入,取缔非法收入。坚持在经济增长的同时实现居民收入同步增长、在劳动生产率提高的同时实现劳动报酬同步提高。拓宽居民劳动收入和财产性收入渠道。履行好政府再分配调节职能,加快推进基本公共服务均等化,缩小收入分配差距。

2. Improving the quality of employment and raising incomes

Employment is pivotal to people’s wellbeing. We must give high priority to employment and pursue a proactive employment policy, striving to achieve fuller employment and create better quality jobs. We will launch vocational skills training programs on a big scale, give particular attention to tackling structural unemployment, and create more jobs by encouraging business startups. We will provide extensive public employment services to open more channels for college graduates and other young people as well as migrant rural workers to find jobs and start their own businesses. We must remove institutional barriers that block the social mobility of labor and talent and ensure that every one of our people has the chance to pursue career through hard work. We will improve mechanisms for joint discussion and mediation involving government, trade unions, and employers in an effort to ensure harmonious labor relations. We will continue to follow the principle of distribution according to one’s work while improving our institutions and mechanisms for distribution based on factors of production, so as to make income distribution fairer and more orderly. We will encourage people to make their money through hard work and legal means. We will expand the size of the middle-income group, increase income for people on low incomes, adjust excessive incomes, and prohibit illicit income. We will work to see that individual incomes grow in step with economic development, and pay rises in tandem with increases in labor productivity. We will expand the channels for people to make work-based earnings and property income. We will see that government plays its function of adjusting redistribution, move faster to ensure equitable access to basic public services and narrow the gaps in incomes.

 

(三)加强社会保障体系建设。按照兜底线、织密网、建机制的要求,全面建成覆盖全民、城乡统筹、权责清晰、保障适度、可持续的多层次社会保障体系。全面实施全民参保计划。完善城镇职工基本养老保险和城乡居民基本养老保险制度,尽快实现养老保险全国统筹。完善统一的城乡居民基本医疗保险制度和大病保险制度。完善失业、工伤保险制度。建立全国统一的社会保险公共服务平台。统筹城乡社会救助体系,完善最低生活保障制度。坚持男女平等基本国策,保障妇女儿童合法权益。完善社会救助、社会福利、慈善事业、优抚安置等制度,健全农村留守儿童和妇女、老年人关爱服务体系。发展残疾人事业,加强残疾康复服务。坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位,加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制度,让全体人民住有所居。

3. Strengthening the social security system

We will act on the policy requirements to help those most in need, to build a tightly woven safety net, and to build the necessary institutions, as we work to develop a sustainable multi-tiered social security system that covers the entire population in both urban and rural areas, with clearly defined rights and responsibilities, and support that hits the right level. We will work to see that everyone has access to social security. We will improve the basic pension schemes for urban employees and for rural and non-working urban residents, and quickly bring pension schemes under national unified management. We will improve the unified systems of basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance for rural and non-working urban residents, and improve unemployment insurance and work-related injury insurance. We will establish a unified national platform for social security public services. We will promote the coordinated development of the social assistance systems for urban and rural residents, and improve the subsistence allowances system. We must adhere to the fundamental national policy of gender equality, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and minors. We will improve our systems for social assistance, social welfare, charity, and entitled groups’ benefits and services. We will improve the system for supporting and caring for children, women, and elderly people left behind in rural areas. We will develop programs for people with disabilities and work to provide better rehabilitation services for them. We must not forget that housing is for living in, not for speculation. With this in mind, we will move faster to put in place a housing system that ensures supply through multiple sources, provides housing support through multiple channels, and encourages both housing purchase and renting. This will make us better placed to meet the housing needs of all of our people.

 

(四)坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战。让贫困人口和贫困地区同全国一道进入全面小康社会是我们党的庄严承诺。要动员全党全国全社会力量,坚持精准扶贫、精准脱贫,坚持中央统筹省负总责市县抓落实的工作机制,强化党政一把手负总责的责任制,坚持大扶贫格局,注重扶贫同扶志、扶智相结合,深入实施东西部扶贫协作,重点攻克深度贫困地区脱贫任务,确保到二○二○年我国现行标准下农村贫困人口实现脱贫,贫困县全部摘帽,解决区域性整体贫困,做到脱真贫、真脱贫。

4. Winning the battle against poverty

Seeing that poor people and poor areas will enter the moderately prosperous society together with the rest of the country is a solemn promise made by our Party. We should mobilize the energies of our whole Party, our whole country, and our whole society, and continue to implement targeted poverty reduction and alleviation measures. We will operate on the basis of a working mechanism whereby the central government makes overall plans, provincial-level governments take overall responsibility, and city and county governments ensure implementation; and we will strengthen the system for making heads of Party committees and governments at each level assume the overall responsibility for poverty alleviation. We will continue to advance poverty reduction drawing on the joint efforts of government, society, and the market. We will pay particular attention to helping people increase confidence in their own ability to lift themselves out of poverty and see that they can access the education they need to do so. We will strengthen collaboration on poverty alleviation between the eastern and western regions; and we will provide focused assistance to areas of extreme poverty. We must ensure that by the year 2020, all rural residents living below the current poverty line have been lifted out of poverty, and poverty is eliminated in all poor counties and regions. Poverty alleviation should reach those who truly need it and deliver genuine outcomes.

 

(五)实施健康中国战略。人民健康是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志。要完善国民健康政策,为人民群众提供全方位全周期健康服务。深化医药卫生体制改革,全面建立中国特色基本医疗卫生制度、医疗保障制度和优质高效的医疗卫生服务体系,健全现代医院管理制度。加强基层医疗卫生服务体系和全科医生队伍建设。全面取消以药养医,健全药品供应保障制度。坚持预防为主,深入开展爱国卫生运动,倡导健康文明生活方式,预防控制重大疾病。实施食品安全战略,让人民吃得放心。坚持中西医并重,传承发展中医药事业。支持社会办医,发展健康产业。促进生育政策和相关经济社会政策配套衔接,加强人口发展战略研究。积极应对人口老龄化,构建养老、孝老、敬老政策体系和社会环境,推进医养结合,加快老龄事业和产业发展。

5. Carrying out the Healthy China initiative

A healthy population is a key mark of a prosperous nation and a strong country. We will improve the national health policy, and ensure the delivery of comprehensive lifecycle health services for our people. We will deepen reform of the medicine and healthcare system, establish distinctively Chinese systems for providing basic healthcare, medical insurance, and quality and efficient healthcare services, and develop a sound modern hospital management system. We will improve community-level healthcare services, and strengthen the ranks of general practitioners. We will put an end to the practices of hospitals funding their operations with profits from overpriced drugs, and improve the system for medicine supply. We will, with emphasis on prevention, carry out extensive patriotic health campaigns, promote healthy and positive lifestyles, and prevent and control major diseases. We will initiate a food safety strategy to ensure that people have peace of mind about what they’re putting on their plates. We will support both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and ensure the preservation and development of traditional Chinese medicine. We will support the development of private hospitals and health-related industries. We will work to ensure that our childbirth policy meshes with related economic and social policies, and carry out research on the population development strategy. As we respond proactively to population aging, we will adopt policies and foster a social environment in which senior citizens are respected, cared for, and live happily in their later years. We will provide integrated elderly care and medical services, and accelerate the development of old-age programs and industries.

 

(六)打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局。加强社会治理制度建设,完善党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与、法治保障的社会治理体制,提高社会治理社会化、法治化、智能化、专业化水平。加强预防和化解社会矛盾机制建设,正确处理人民内部矛盾。树立安全发展理念,弘扬生命至上、安全第一的思想,健全公共安全体系,完善安全生产责任制,坚决遏制重特大安全事故,提升防灾减灾救灾能力。加快社会治安防控体系建设,依法打击和惩治黄赌毒黑拐骗等违法犯罪活动,保护人民人身权、财产权、人格权。加强社会心理服务体系建设,培育自尊自信、理性平和、积极向上的社会心态。加强社区治理体系建设,推动社会治理重心向基层下移,发挥社会组织作用,实现政府治理和社会调节、居民自治良性互动。

6. Establishing a social governance model based on collaboration, participation, and common interests

We will step up institution building in social governance and improve the law-based social governance model under which Party committees exercise leadership, government assumes responsibility, non-governmental actors provide assistance, and the public get involved. We will strengthen public participation and rule of law in social governance, and make such governance smarter and more specialized. We will improve mechanisms for preventing and defusing social tensions, and properly handle problems among the people. We will promote safe development, and raise public awareness that life matters most and that safety comes first; we will improve the public safety system and the responsibility system for workplace safety; we will take resolute measures to prevent serious and major accidents, and build up our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. We will accelerate development of the crime prevention and control system, combat and punish in accordance with law all illegal and criminal activities such as pornography, gambling, drug abuse, gang violence, kidnapping, and fraud, and protect people’s personal rights, property rights, and right to dignity. We will improve the system of public psychological services, and cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, composure, and optimism among our people. We will strengthen the system for community governance, shift the focus of social governance to the community level, leverage the role of social organizations, and see that government’s governance efforts on the one hand and society’s selfregulation and residents’ self-governance on the other reinforce each other.

 

(七)有效维护国家安全。国家安全是安邦定国的重要基石,维护国家安全是全国各族人民根本利益所在。要完善国家安全战略和国家安全政策,坚决维护国家政治安全,统筹推进各项安全工作。健全国家安全体系,加强国家安全法治保障,提高防范和抵御安全风险能力。严密防范和坚决打击各种渗透颠覆破坏活动、暴力恐怖活动、民族分裂活动、宗教极端活动。加强国家安全教育,增强全党全国人民国家安全意识,推动全社会形成维护国家安全的强大合力。

7. Effectively safeguarding national security

National security is the cornerstone of peace and stability of our country, and safeguarding it is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups. We will improve our national security strategy and policy, guarantee China’s political security, and take coordinated steps to ensure security in all areas. We will improve our national security system, strengthen rule of law measures to enhance national security, and enhance our capacity for forestalling and fending off security risks. We must rigorously protect against and take resolute measures to combat all acts of infiltration, subversion, and sabotage, as well as violent and terrorist activities, ethnic separatist activities, and religious extremist activities. We will strengthen efforts to raise awareness of national security among all Party members and all the people, and create a strong synergy of the whole society to safeguard national security.

 

同志们!党的一切工作必须以最广大人民根本利益为最高标准。我们要坚持把人民群众的小事当作自己的大事,从人民群众关心的事情做起,从让人民群众满意的事情做起,带领人民不断创造美好生活!

Comrades,

Meeting the fundamental interests of all our people is the ultimate yardstick for judging all the work of our Party. The issues of concern to the people, be they big or small, should be handled with utmost care and attention. We must start with addressing issues of public concern, start with delivering the outcomes that satisfy public needs, and work without rest to lead our people in pursuing a better life.

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