2014年政府工作报告全文（双语）

三、2014年重点工作

III. Major Tasks for 2014

做好今年政府工作，要以深化改革为强大动力，以调整结构为主攻方向，以改善民生为根本目的，统筹兼顾，突出重点，务求实效。

To deliver a good performance in the work of the government this year, we need to deepen reform so as to create powerful impetus, carry out structural adjustment as our main priority, and make improving people's wellbeing our fundamental goal. We need to take a holistic approach, focus on key areas, and achieve solid progress.

(一)推动重要领域改革取得新突破。

1. Making breakthroughs in reform in important areas

改革是今年政府工作的首要任务。要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。

Reform is the top priority for the government's work this year. We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted way in light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits reform.

深入推进行政体制改革。进一步简政放权，这是政府的自我革命。今年要再取消和下放行政审批事项2OO项以上。深化投资审批制度改革，取消或简化前置性审批，充分落实企业投资自主权，推进投资创业便利化。确需设置的行政审批事项，要建立权力清单制度，一律向社会公开。清单之外的，一律不得实施审批。全面清理非行政审批事项。

We will deepen reform of the administrative system. We will further streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments. This is a revolution the government imposes on itself. This year, we will cancel or delegate to lower-level governments an additional 200 plus items requiring State Council review and approval. We will deepen reform of the investment approval system, abolish or simplify preliminary review and approval procedures, give businesses full power over their investment decisions, and make it easy to make investments and start businesses. We will introduce a system to list all items over which government review and approval are required and release the list to the public. No items not on the list will be subject to government review and approval. We will also comprehensively sort out items requiring nongovernmental review and approval.

基本完成省市县政府机构改革，继续推进事业单位改革。在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。

We will basically complete the reform of government bodies at the provincial, municipal and county levels, and continue to reform public institutions. We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors.

加强事中事后监管。坚持放管并重，建立纵横联动协同管理机制，实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同步到位。推广一站式审批、一个窗口办事，探索实施统一市场监管。加快社会信用体系建设，推进政府信息共享，推动建立自然人、法人统一代码，对违背市场竞争原则和侵害消费者权益的企业建立黑名单制度，让失信者寸步难行，让守信者一路畅通。

Stronger oversight will be exercised over delegated matters when they are being handled and after they have been handled. We will attach equal importance to both delegating power and strengthening oversight, establish a mechanism of coordinating management between government bodies at both the same and different levels, and ensure that both responsibility and power are delegated together and that relaxing control and strengthening oversight go hand in hand. We will expand the one-stop review and approval model and one-window services, and explore ways to conduct unified market oversight. We will move faster to put in place a social credibility system, share more government information between government departments and with the public, introduce unified codes for natural and legal persons, implement a blacklisting system for enterprises that violate market competition principles and infringe on the rights and interests of consumers, and make those who lose credibility pay the price and smooth the way for those who have credibility.

抓好财税体制改革这个重头戏。实施全面规范、公开透明的预算制度。着力把所有政府性收入纳入预算，实行全口径预算管理。各级政府预算和决算都要向社会公开，部门预算要逐步公开到基本支出和项目支出，所有财政拨款的“三公”经费都要公开，打造阳光财政，让群众看明白、能监督。

We will give high priority to reforming the fiscal and tax systems. We will institute a comprehensive, well-regulated, open and transparent budget system. We will work hard to incorporate all government revenue into the budget, and bring all revenue and expenditures under budgetary management. Governments at all levels should release their budgets and final accounts to the public, and budgets released by government bodies should progressively include details down to basic regular and project expenditures. In particular, all public spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be made public. We will ensure transparency of public finance and make it easy for people to understand and oversee it.

提高一般性转移支付比例，专项转移支付项目要减少三分之一，今后还要进一步减少。推进税收制度改革，把“营改增”试点扩大到铁路运输、邮政服务、电信等行业，清费立税，推动消费税、资源税改革，做好房地产税、环境保护税立法相关工作。进一步扩展小微企业税收优惠范围，减轻企业负担。

We will increase the proportion of general transfer payments, and cut the number of special transfer payments by one third this year and continue to cut them in coming years. We will advance the reform of the tax system by taking the following steps: Extend trials for replacing business tax with VAT to the railway transport, postal and telecommunications services industries, abolish fees and replace them with taxes, reform the excise tax and resource tax, and move ahead with legislation on a property tax and environmental protection tax. We will grant additional tax breaks to micro businesses with low profits and reduce the burden on businesses.

抓紧研究调整中央与地方事权和支出责任，逐步理顺中央与地方收入划分，保持现有财力格局总体稳定。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，把地方政府性债务纳入预算管理，推行政府综合财务报告制度，防范和化解债务风险。

We will work faster on ways to adjust the power and spending responsibilities between central and local governments, and progressively adjust distribution of revenue between them while keeping the current division of financial resources between them basically stable. We will establish a standard financing mechanism for local governments to issue bonds and place local government debt under budgetary management. We will implement a comprehensive government financial reporting system and guard against and defuse debt risks.

深化金融体制改革。继续推进利率市场化，扩大金融机构利率自主定价权。保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，扩大汇率双向浮动区间，推进人民币资本项目可兑换。稳步推进由民间资本发起设立中小型银行等金融机构，引导民间资本参股、投资金融机构及融资中介服务机构。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector. We will continue to liberalize interest rates by granting financial institutions more power to set their interest rates. We will keep the renminbi exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate, balanced level, expand its floating range, and move toward renminbi convertibility under capital accounts. We will steadily promote the establishment of small and medium-sized banks and other financial institutions by private capital, and guide private capital to invest in or hold shares in financial institutions and intermediary financing services.

建立存款保险制度，健全金融机构风险处置机制。实施政策性金融机构改革。加快发展多层次资本市场，推进股票发行注册制改革，规范发展债券市场。积极发展农业保险，探索建立巨灾保险制度。

We will establish a deposit insurance system and improve the risk disposal mechanism of financial institutions. Reform in policy-based financial institutions will be carried out. We will speed up development of a multilevel capital market, advance the reform to introduce a system for stock issuance registration, and develop a well-regulated bond market. We will actively develop agricultural insurance and explore how to establish a catastrophe insurance system. We will develop inclusive finance.

促进互联网金融健康发展，完善金融监管协调机制，密切监测跨境资本流动，守住不发生系统性和区域性金融风险的底线。让金融成为一池活水，更好地浇灌小微企业、“三农”等实体经济之树。

We will promote the healthy development of Internet banking, improve the mechanism for coordinating financial oversight, keep a close watch on the cross-border flow of capital, and ensure that no systemic or regional financial risks occur. We will ensure that financial services play an active role in meeting the needs of the real economy, including small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

增强各类所有制经济活力。坚持和完善基本经济制度。优化国有经济布局和结构，加快发展混合所有制经济，建立健全现代企业制度和公司法人治理结构。完善国有资产管理体制，准确界定不同国有企业功能，推进国有资本投资运营公司试点。

We will enhance the vitality of economic entities under all forms of ownership. We will uphold and improve the basic economic system. We will improve the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector of the economy and accelerate the development of mixed-ownership economic entities. We will establish a sound modern corporate structure and corporate governance. We will improve the system for managing state-owned assets, clearly define the functions of different SOEs, and carry out trials of investing state capital in corporate operations.

完善国有资本经营预算，提高中央企业国有资本收益上缴公共财政比例。

We will improve budgeting for state capital operations and raise the percentage of earnings from state capital turned over to public finance by central government-owned enterprises.

制定非国有资本参与中央企业投资项目的办法，在金融、石油、电力、铁路、电信、资源开发、公用事业等领域，向非国有资本推出一批投资项目。制定非公有制企业进入特许经营领域具体办法。实施铁路投融资体制改革，在更多领域放开竞争性业务，为民间资本提供大显身手的舞台。完善产权保护制度，公有制经济财产权不可侵犯，非公有制经济财产权同样不可侵犯。

We will formulate measures for non-state capital to participate in investment projects of central government enterprises, and allow non-state capital to participate in a number of projects in areas such as banking, oil, electricity, railway, telecommunications, resources development and public utilities. We will formulate specific measures to permit non-public enterprise participation in franchising. We will reform the railway investment and financing system, and open competitive operations in more areas so as to create a platform for the full participation of private capital. We will improve the property rights system to ensure that property rights are inviolable in both the public and non-public sectors.

(二)开创高水平对外开放新局面。

2. Ushering in a new phase of China's opening to the outside world and ensuring its high standard performance

开放与改革相伴而生、相互促进。要构建开放型经济新体制，推动新一轮对外开放，在国际市场汪洋大海中搏击风浪，倒逼深层次改革和结构调整，加快培育国际竞争新优势。

Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as they are mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market. This will lead to deeper reform and structural adjustment and enable us to enhance China's ability to compete internationally.

扩大全方位主动开放。坚持积极有效利用外资，推动服务业扩大开放，打造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的营商环境，使中国继续成为外商投资首选地。建设好、管理好中国上海自由贸易试验区，形成可复制可推广的体制机制，并开展若干新的试点。扩展内陆沿边开放，让广袤大地成为对外开放的热土。

We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas. We will continue to utilize foreign investment actively and efficiently, open up more service sectors to foreign capital, and level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment. We will ensure the successful building and management of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so that this model can be copied and extended, and we will launch a number of new trials. We will open China's inland and border areas wider to the outside world, and turn these broad areas into hotspots for opening up.

从战略高度推动出口升级和贸易平衡发展。今年进出口总额预期增长7.5％左右。要稳定和完善出口政策，加快通关便利化改革，扩大跨境电子商务试点。实施鼓励进口政策，增加国内短缺产品进口。引导加工贸易转型升级，支持企业打造自主品牌和国际营销网络，发展服务贸易和服务外包，提升中国制造在国际分工中的地位。鼓励通信、铁路、电站等大型成套设备出口，让中国装备享誉全球。

We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth of foreign trade. Total imports and exports are projected to grow at around 7.5% this year. We will keep export policies stable and improve them, accelerate reform to facilitate customs clearance, and extend trials of cross-border e-commerce. We will implement policies to encourage imports, and import more products in short supply in China. We will guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, support businesses in creating Chinese brands and developing international marketing networks, develop service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries, and raise the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global division of labor. We will encourage the export of complete sets of large equipment including telecommunications equipment, railways equipment, and power stations, and enhance the international reputation of Chinese equipment.

在走出去中提升竞争力。推进对外投资管理方式改革，实行以备案制为主，大幅下放审批权限。健全金融、法律、领事等服务保障，规范走出去秩序，促进产品出口、工程承包与劳务合作。抓紧规划建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路，推进孟中印缅、中巴经济走廊建设，推出一批重大支撑项目，加快基础设施互联互通，拓展国际经济技术合作新空间。

We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence. We will carry out reform of the management of outbound investment so that such investment is mainly reported for the record, and delegate much of the review and approval power over such investment to lower-level governments. We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services. We will intensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road, and promote the building of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. By launching a number of major projects, we will speed up infrastructure connectivity with our neighbors, and open up new space for enhancing international economic and technologic cooperation.

统筹多双边和区域开放合作。推动服务贸易协定、政府采购协定、信息技术协定等谈判，加快环保、电子商务等新议题谈判。积极参与高标准自贸区建设，推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判，加快与韩国、澳大利亚、海湾合作委员会等自贸区谈判进程。坚持推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，实现与各国互利共赢，形成对外开放与改革发展良性互动新格局。

We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way. We will strive to make progress in negotiations on agreements concerning trade in services, government procurement and information technology, and speed up negotiations on new areas such as environmental protection and e-commerce. We will actively participate in developing high-standard free trade areas; continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union, and accelerate free trade area negotiations with the Republic of Korea, Australia, and the Gulf Cooperation Council. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, strive for mutual benefit with other countries, and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.