达蒙、阿弗莱克等响应inclusion rider 这个条款究竟是什么

据英国广播公司13日报道，好莱坞影星马特•达蒙和本•阿弗莱克的电影公司将在电影合同中附加inclusion rider条款。

Damon and Affleck's Pearl Street Films has produced features like Jason Bourne and Manchester By The Sea.
达蒙和阿弗莱克的珍珠街电影公司制作的影片包括《谍影重重》、《海边的曼彻斯特》等。

Their news comes after Black Panther Michael B Jordan announced that he would add an inclusion rider on all movies made by his Outlier Society production company.
此前，《黑豹》主演迈克尔•B•乔丹宣布，将在所有其制作公司“Outlier Society”制作的电影中附加inclusion rider条款。

Actor and producer Fanshen Cox DiGiovanni, who is head of strategic outreach for Pearl Street Films, praised Jordan on Twitter.
珍珠街电影公司战略推广主管、演员兼制片人范生•考斯克•迪吉奥瓦尼在推特上为乔丹点赞。

She added: "On behalf of Pearl Street Films, Matt Damon, @BenAffleck, Jennifer Todd, Drew Vinton & I will be adopting the #InclusionRider for all of our projects moving forward."
她称：“我代表珍珠街电影公司、马特•达蒙、本•阿弗莱克、珍妮弗•陶德，德鲁•温顿宣布，今后我们的所有作品中将附加上inclusion rider条款。”

关注了第90届奥斯卡金像奖颁奖典礼的网友对inclusion rider应该并不陌生。

3月5日，“科恩嫂”弗兰西斯•麦克多蒙德凭借《三块广告牌》获封最佳女主角。她在发表获奖感言时表示：“I have two words for you: inclusion rider.（我要留给大家两个词：inclusion rider。）”

“科恩嫂”的一番话让inclusion rider受到热议。当晚，“inclusion”成了韦氏词典网站搜索最多的单词，#inclusionrider话题也登上推特热搜。

那么这个条款究竟是什么意思？在奥斯卡颁奖礼后台，“科恩嫂”解释道：

“I just found out about this last week. There has always been available, to everybody that does a negotiation on a film, an inclusion rider, which means that you can ask for and/or demand at least 50 percent diversity in not only the casting but also the crew.”
“我上个星期刚知道inclusion rider条款，所有谈电影片约的人都可以把这个条款加进去，这么做意味着你呼吁或要求演职人员都保持至少有50%的多元性。”

我们可以将inclusion rider理解为“包容性附则”，根据维基百科的定义：

An inclusion rider or equity rider is a provision added to a contract of an actor to ensure that casting and production staff meet certain levels of diversity, for example regarding the inclusion of women, people of color, LGBT people and people with disabilities.
“包容性附则”或“平等条款”指添加在演员合同中的一项条款，目的是确保演员和制作人员满足一定程度的多元性，例如，包括女性、有色人种、LGBT群体和残障人士。

这个概念最先由美国南加州大学教授史黛西•史密斯（Stacy Smith）提出。2016年，史密斯在TED演讲中和观众分享了她研究调查的“好莱坞背后的性别歧视数据”，并就如何改变影视行业的歧视现状提出了一些可行的建议探讨。

她和律师们一起拟定了具体的合同语言，并已经与对“包容性附则”感兴趣的众多演员接触。

Smith said she was shocked and grateful to hear that McDormand had given a shout out to her work.
史密斯称，听到“科恩嫂”为她的工作大声喝彩，自己很是意外，也很感激。

“The real goal is to counter bias in the auditioning and casting process,” she said, explaining that the contract could also stipulate that if the film ultimately failed to meet the requirements, the distributor would have to pay a “penalty” to a fund that supports female directors and other underrepresented groups.
“这项条款的目的是打击试镜和选角过程中的偏见”，她解释称，合同规定，如果电影最终未能满足要求，发行方将被迫支付“违约金”，用以支持女性导演和其他弱势群体组织。

英文来源：BBC 卫报
编译：董静
审校：yaning