首部《杜甫诗》英语全译本出版

美国著名汉学家宇文所安（Stephen Owen）历经八年埋头耕耘，终于出版了杜甫诗歌全集的英语全译本《杜甫诗》（The Poetry of Du Fu），这部有3000页，共六卷，重九磅的大部头是学界关于杜甫作品第一次完整的英文翻译。

杜甫作为一个高产的诗人，留下了大量的诗作，现存达1400首。宇文所安原本预计花三年完成的翻译，因为教学、讲座任务缠身，花了八年时间。“它占据了我的生活。我虽然有多个学期都不用教书，但我不停地工作、工作再工作，并没有偷懒。”今年69岁的宇文所安大部分时候都是一个人在进行这项翻译工作，只是在作品完成后有一个研究生帮助他进行校对。“杜甫的作品非常值得翻译，但是这占据了我生命中的八年时间。我终于完成了。”他感叹道。

Like the Bard of Avon, Du Fu's writing is layered and shows immense range. The elusive poet wrote in a wide variety of styles and registers. Inside the green-bound volumes are acclaimed verses such as “Moonlit Night” and “View in Spring,” but Owen argues that Du Fu “is a lot more fun when you get out of the well-known ones.”
像“埃文河畔的诗人”（莎士比亚）一样，杜甫的作品层次丰富，涉猎广泛。他的诗作风格和用词都很多变。这本绿皮包装的译作中有知名的诗作《月夜》和《春望》，不过，宇文所安教授却表示杜甫“在这些广为人知的诗作之外更加有趣。”

“He's a quirky poet. When he moves to Chengdu with his family, he has to set up house and writes a poem to people asking for fruit trees and crockery. No one had ever done this kind of poem. He has a poem praising his bondservant Xinxing for repairing a water-piping system in his house. It's a wonderful poem about the joy and discoveries of living in the real world instead of living in the rarefied poetic world,” Owen said.
宇文所安教授说：“他（杜甫）是个挺奇怪的诗人。他和家人搬到成都以后，他得打点修整宅院，还给人写诗换果树和陶器。从来没有人写过这样的诗。他曾经给他的家奴信行（音译）写了一首诗，称赞他修好了宅子里的水管。那是一首好诗，讲的是生活在现实世界的欢乐和新发现，他不是生活在世人罕见的诗意世界。”

说了这么多，下面我们就一起来欣赏几首宇文所安教授翻译的杜甫名诗。

【望岳】

岱宗夫如何，

齐鲁青未了。

造化钟神秀，

阴阳割昏晓。

荡胸生层云，

决眦入归鸟。

会当凌绝顶，

一览众山小。

Gazing on the Peak

And what then is Daizong like?

over Qi and Lu, green unending.

Creation compacted spirit splendors here,

Dark and Light, riving dusk and dawn.

Exhilirating the breast, it produces layers of cloud;

splitting eye-pupils, it has homing birds entering.

Someday may I climb up to its highest summit,

with one sweeping view see how small all other mountains are.

【春望】

国破山河在，

城春草木深。

感时花溅泪，

恨别鸟惊心。

烽火连三月，

家书抵万金。

白头搔更短，

浑欲不胜簪。

View in Spring

The state broken, its mountains and rivers remain,

the city turns spring, deep with plants and trees.

Stirred by the time, flowers, sprinkling tears,

hating parting, birds, alarm the heart.

Beacon fires stretch through three months,

a letter from family worth ten thousand in silver.

I’ve scratched my white hair even shorter,

pretty much to the point where it won’t hold a hatpin.

【兵车行】

车辚辚，

马萧萧，

行人弓箭各在腰，

爷娘妻子走相送，

尘埃不见咸阳桥。

牵衣顿足拦道哭，

哭声直上干云霄。

道旁过者问行人，

行人但云点行频。

或从十五北防河，

便至四十西营田。

去时里正与裹头，

归来头白还戍边。

边亭流血成海水，

武皇开边意未已。

君不闻，

汉家山东二百州，

千村万落生荆杞。

纵有健妇把锄犁，

禾生陇亩无东西。

况复秦兵耐苦战，

被驱不异犬与鸡。

长者虽有问，

役夫敢申恨？

且如今年冬，

未休关西卒。

县官急索租，

租税从何出。

信知生男恶，

反是生女好。

生女犹得嫁比邻，

生男埋没随百草。

君不见，

青海头，

古来白骨无人收。

新鬼烦冤旧鬼哭，

天阴雨湿声啾啾。

The Army Wagons: A Ballad

Wagons rattling,

horses neighing,

men walking, each with bow and arrows at the waist.

Moms and dads, wives and children rush along seeing them off,

the dust is such you cannot see the Xianyang Bridge.

Pulling at clothes, stamping feet they block the road weeping,

weeping voices rise straight up against the clouds and high wisps.

Someone passing by the road asks a man on the march,

the man on the march says only: “They're calling up troops often now.

Some from the age of fifteen are north guarding the River,

then as soon as they reach forty they work military settlements in the

west.

When they leave, the village headman gives them turbans;

coming home, their hair is white, and then back to garrison the frontier.

The blood that has flowed on the frontiers could make up an ocean's

waters,

and our Warrior Emperor's plans to extend the frontier are not yet

done.

Haven't you heard

how in two hundred prefectures East of the Mountains of the House

of Han

a thousand villages and ten thousand hamlets grow over with thorns

and briars?

Even though there are sturdy wives to hold the hoe and plow,

the grain grows on the field boundary slopes and one can't tell east from

west.

Even worse for troops from Qin who endure the bitterest battles,

they are driven on, no different from dogs and chickens.

Though you sir may pose the question,

does a conscript dare declare his resentment?

And now in winter this year

they haven't stopped taking soldiers from West of the Passes;

County officials urgently demand taxes,

but where are the taxes to come from?

I know well to have a boy is bad,

it's better to have a daughter instead.

If you have a daughter you can still marry her to your neighbor;

if you have a boy he will be buried along with all the plants.

Haven't you seen

by Kokonor

white bones from ancient times that have never been recovered?

The new ghosts are tormented by their wrongs, the former ghosts just

weep,

the skies cloudy, the rain soaks them, their voices moaning.

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）