研究:"脑残"英语成特朗普制胜法宝

特朗普的发言以简单粗暴著称，他的用词简单、重复性高，而且很少使用长难句，不少国内网友表示：“听他说话，误以为自己的听力水平一夜之间突飞猛进！”虽然，特朗普“小学生般的英文水平”一直备受其反对者的嘲讽，但研究发现，这种直截了当的说话方式似乎正是特朗普的制胜法宝。

Like no President before him, Donald Trump has threatened to change forever the way in which politics is done.
在特朗普之前，从没有一个总统能像他那样威胁到政治方式，使其从此发生改变。

His barnstorming speeches and Twitter tirades frequently grab column inches while more measured political debate is ignored.
他的巡回演讲和推特呛声经常被媒体大幅报道，更为严谨的政治辩论反而被无视了。

New analysis of his political rhetoric may explain why - it is markedly more repetitive and simple than those of eight other candidates he beat to the White House.
对特朗普政治言论的新分析也许可以解释其中原因——特朗普的措辞明显比其他8位总统候选人的重复性更强、更简单。

While Hillary Clinton's most frequently used words during television debates include 'comprehensive' and 'affordable', his are 'tremendous' and 'deal'.
希拉里在电视辩论中最常使用的单词是“全面”、“负担得起”，而特朗普的却是“巨大”和“交易”。

His showmanship is apparent from his frequent use of the word 'I' when people with a history of public service, like Jeb Bush, are more likely to say 'we'.
当杰布•布什等其他有公共服务经验的人更倾向于说“我们”时，特朗普频繁地使用“我”，很明显，这就是他的魅力所在。

The study's authors, from the University of Neuachtel in Switzerland, claim Trump's speaking style is similar to his 140-character Twitter pronouncements, which he continues to use even as the US President.
该研究报告的作者来自瑞士Neuachtel大学，他们声称，特朗普的讲话风格和他的140字推特声明类似，即便当选后他依然沿用了这种风格。

Lead author Jacques Savoy said: 'As Trump won the primaries and the general election, does that mean that efficient communication must be based on tweet-like rhetoric and this form will dominate the future elections?
该报告的第一作者雅克•萨沃伊说：“特朗普赢得初选和大选是不是意味着有效的沟通必须基于推特式语言？这种形式将主导未来的选举吗？”

'Clearly the rhetoric evolution goes towards to short communication messages, but this also implies simplistic analysis and solutions? If the answer is affirmative, I see a real risk of the democracy.'
显然，语言表达向着简短的信息沟通方向发展，但这是否也意味着过于简单的分析和解决方案？如果答案是肯定的，那么我看到了民主的真正风险。”

Trump's confrontational approach began on the campaign trail.
特朗普的强硬态度始于竞选巡回演讲期间。

Among his top 10 words in the television debates analysed by the Swiss researchers was 'Mexico', and he now plans to build the wall he promised between that country and the US.
研究人员分析出他在电视辩论中的十大用词之首是“墨西哥”，他曾承诺在美墨之间修建高墙，现在他正计划落实此事。

The researchers who analysed the television debates from last year's Presidential race found politicians largely share a common language.
研究人员分析了去年的总统竞选电视辩论，发现政客们在很大程度上通用一种语言。

They like to talk, for instance, about the 'people' and what they have to 'say'.
例如，他们喜欢谈论必须“说到”的“人”。

But Trump was atypical in keeping things simpler than anyone else.
但特立独行的特朗普表达得比所有人都简单。

The percentage of long and potentially confusing words he used in debates was 18.3 percent compared to 26.4 percent for Bernie Sanders.
他在辩论中使用长句子和容易引起困惑的词语的比例是18.3%，而相比之下，伯尼•桑德斯是26.4%。

His top 10 words were compared with Clinton, who lost the Presidency to him, as well as other candidates.
研究人员将特朗普的十大用词和他的手下败将希拉里以及其他几位候选人做了比较。

The top terms used by Jeb Bush, brother of former President George W Bush, included 'proven', 'status' and 'brother', where Sanders preferred 'Wall Street', 'wealth' and 'class'.
美国前总统小布什的弟弟杰布•布什最常用的单词包括“证明”、“状态”以及“兄弟”，而桑德斯更经常使用“华尔街”、“财富”以及“阶级”。

Long sentences were preferred by O'Malley, Clinton, and Sanders.
长句子是奥马利、希拉里以及桑德斯的最爱。

A relatively high lexical density percentage indicates a more complex text, containing more information.
词汇密度相对较高意味着文本更加复杂，包含的信息更多。

But using the transcripts of the TV debates, Trump had the lowest percentage, at just 36.6 percent, compared to 44.6 percent for Cruz.
但是从电视辩论的用语来看，克鲁兹的词汇密度为44.6%，相比之下特朗普词汇密度最低，只有36.6%。

He was also one of the few Presidential candidates to regularly swear, it was noted in other debates.
特朗普还是少数几个经常骂人的总统候选人之一，人们在其他辩论中也发现了这点。

The paper found Trump's distinct communication style was far more direct than any of the other candidates.
这篇论文发现，特朗普独特的沟通风格比所有其他候选人都更直接明了。

His victory has been described by critics as proof that 'dumbed down' politics is in the ascendancy.
评论家们称，特朗普的胜选证明“脑残”政治占了上风。

英文来源：每日邮报
翻译&编辑：董静
审校：yaning