生态环境部通过行动方案：坚定禁止洋垃圾入境

生态环境部日前召开第一次部常务会议，审议并原则通过了有关禁止洋垃圾入境的相关文件。

The 2018-20 action plan for implementation of the country's reform plan to ban waste imports and the 2018 action plan for inspections on pollution caused by processing imported waste were approved on Monday by the first executive meeting of the newly established Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
生态环境部26日召开第一次常务会议，通过了关于全面落实禁止洋垃圾入境改革实施方案的2018—2020年行动方案，以及进口固体废物加工利用企业环境违法问题专项督查2018年行动方案。

Workers check a load of imported leather scraps in Xiamen, Fujian province. LIN SHANCHUAN/Xinhua

洋垃圾（foreign garbage），指进口固体废物（imported solid waste），有时又特指以走私、夹带等方式进口国家禁止进口的固体废物（banned solid waste smuggled into China）或未经许可擅自进口属于限制进口的固体废物。

2017年7月18日，中国正式通知世界贸易组织，从2017年年底开始将不再接收外来垃圾，包括废弃塑胶（plastic waste）、纸类（paper waste）及纺织品（fabrics）等。

生态环境部有关负责人表示，禁止洋垃圾入境是党中央、国务院在新时期新形势下作出的一项重大决策部署，是我国生态文明建设的标志性举措（a landmark measure for the country's construction of an ecological civilization）。“要坚定不移、不折不扣地落实好这项工作。要着眼于推动高质量发展，统筹考虑行动方案目标任务，全面提升我国固体废物污染防治水平（improve China's capability in solid waste pollution control）。要加强部门间协调沟通，加大信息共享及联动执法力度，建立长效工作机制（a long-term working procedure featuring information sharing and coordinated law enforcement will be established）。要进一步完善监管制度，强化洋垃圾非法入境管控（the border controls on illegal foreign garbage will be intensified），深入实施全过程监管（the entire process in the industry will be inspected），确保各项任务落实到位。”

外交部发言人华春莹26日在例行记者会上答问时说，禁止“洋垃圾”入境是中国依法享有的权利，美方官员就此表达的所谓“关切”于情不合，于理不通，于法无据。

我们来看一下现场的文字实录：

问：据报道，美国官员23日在世贸组织货物贸易理事会对中国决定停止接收“洋垃圾”表示关切，并称中国限制进口可再利用商品严重干扰了全球废旧物资供应链。中国似乎正在违反WTO义务，区别对待国内和国外垃圾产业并采取过度贸易限制政策。美方要求中方立即停止实施有关措施。中方对此有何回应?

Q: According to reports, American officials expressed concerns over China's decision to stop imports of "foreign garbage" on March 23 at the WTO Council for Trade in Goods meeting, saying that China's import restrictions on recycled commodities have caused a fundamental disruption in global supply chains for scrap materials. China seemed to be violating WTO obligations, treating domestic and foreign garbage with discrimination and taking excessive trade restrictions. The US asked China to stop implementing relevant measures immediately. What's your comment?

答：今年两会期间，环保部部长李干杰已经回答过有关“洋垃圾”的问题。我只想说，你提到的美方有关官员表达的所谓“关切”于情不合，于理不通，于法无据。

A: During the Two Sessions this year, Minister of Environment Protection Li Ganjie already took relevant questions on "foreign trash". I would like to say that the so-called "concerns" of relevant US officials are unjustifiable, illegitimate and have no legal basis.

禁止“洋垃圾”入境，推进固体废物进口管理制度改革，是中国政府贯彻落实新发展理念、着力改善生态环境质量、保障国家生态安全和人民群众健康的一个重大举措。这也是中国政府根据国际法享有的权利，得到了广大中国人民的坚决支持。你提到的美方官员将中方正当合法举动上纲上线，说什么“中方似乎正在违反WTO义务”，非常虚伪。难道美方对华限制高技术、高附加值产品的出口就是正当的，而中国依法限制洋垃圾进口就是违法的吗？

Prohibiting the imports of foreign garbage and reforming the management system of solid waste imports are a major measure the Chinese government has taken in order to follow through on the new concept of development, improve the ecological and environmental quality and safeguard national ecological security and the health of people. This is also a right China is entitled to under international law and has been firmly supported by the people. The US officials are so hypocritical as they try to make an issue out of China's legitimate and lawful actions and accuse China of "seemingly violating WTO obligations". How could they claim that their restrictions on its exports of high-tech and high value-added products to China are legitimate while China's lawful restrictions on its imports of foreign garbage are illegal?

事实上，上世纪80年代末《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约》充分确认，各个国家有权禁止外国危险废物和其他废物进入本国领土。公约还规定，各国有义务就近减量和处理各自危险废物和其他废物。希望美方根据巴塞尔公约精神，立足于自己减量、处理和消化自己产生的危险废物和其他废物，为世界承担更多他们应尽的责任和义务。

In fact, the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal launched in the late 1980s fully confirms that all countries are entitled the right to prohibit foreign hazardous and other wastes from entering their territory. The Convention also stipulates that countries have the obligation to ensure that hazardous wastes and other wastes within it are minimumized and disposed as close as possible to their place of generation. We hope that the US side could focus on reducing, disposing and treating the hazardous wastes and other wastes it generated in accordance in the spirit of the Basel Convention and fulfill its due responsibilities and obligations for the world.

参考来源：新华网，外交部官网

编辑：Helen