中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议（双语全文）

四、开创中国特色社会主义新时代
IV. A New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

党的十八大以来，中国特色社会主义进入新时代。党面临的主要任务是，实现第一个百年奋斗目标，开启实现第二个百年奋斗目标新征程，朝着实现中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟目标继续前进。
Following the Party’s 18th National Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era. The main tasks facing the Party in this period are to fulfill the First Centenary Goal, embark on the new journey to accomplish the Second Centenary Goal, and continue striving toward the great goal of national rejuvenation.

以习近平同志为核心的党中央统筹把握中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，强调中国特色社会主义新时代是承前启后、继往开来、在新的历史条件下继续夺取中国特色社会主义伟大胜利的时代，是决胜全面建成小康社会、进而全面建设社会主义现代化强国的时代，是全国各族人民团结奋斗、不断创造美好生活、逐步实现全体人民共同富裕的时代，是全体中华儿女勠力同心、奋力实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的时代，是我国不断为人类作出更大贡献的时代。中国特色社会主义新时代是我国发展新的历史方位。
The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has implemented the national rejuvenation strategy within the wider context of once-in-a-century changes taking place in the world. It has stressed that the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics is an era in which we will build on past successes to further advance our cause and continue to strive for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics under new historical conditions; an era in which we will use the momentum of our decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects to fuel all-out efforts to build a great modern socialist country; an era in which Chinese people of all ethnic groups will work together to create a better life for themselves and gradually realize the goal of common prosperity; an era in which all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation will strive with one heart to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation; and an era in which China will make even greater contributions to humanity. This new era is a new historic juncture in China’s development.

以习近平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，坚持毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观，深刻总结并充分运用党成立以来的历史经验，从新的实际出发，创立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，明确中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是中国共产党领导，中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势是中国共产党领导，中国共产党是最高政治领导力量，全党必须增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”；明确坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，总任务是实现社会主义现代化和中华民族伟大复兴，在全面建成小康社会的基础上，分两步走在本世纪中叶建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国，以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴；明确新时代我国社会主要矛盾是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾，必须坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，发展全过程人民民主，推动人的全面发展、全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展；明确中国特色社会主义事业总体布局是经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体，战略布局是全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党四个全面；明确全面深化改革总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化；明确全面推进依法治国总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家；明确必须坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，把握新发展阶段，贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念，加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局，推动高质量发展，统筹发展和安全；明确党在新时代的强军目标是建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队，把人民军队建设成为世界一流军队；明确中国特色大国外交要服务民族复兴、促进人类进步，推动建设新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体；明确全面从严治党的战略方针，提出新时代党的建设总要求，全面推进党的政治建设、思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、纪律建设，把制度建设贯穿其中，深入推进反腐败斗争，落实管党治党政治责任，以伟大自我革命引领伟大社会革命。这些战略思想和创新理念，是党对中国特色社会主义建设规律认识深化和理论创新的重大成果。
Chinese communists, with Comrade Xi Jinping as their chief representative, have established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era on the basis of adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China’s specific realities and its fine traditional culture, upholding Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, thoroughly reviewing and fully applying the historical experience gained since the founding of the Party, and proceeding from new realities.

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era makes the following clear:

—The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest strength of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and that the Party is the highest force for political leadership. Therefore, all Party members must strengthen their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and uphold Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership.

—The overarching task of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is to realize socialist modernization and national rejuvenation, and that on the basis of completing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, a two-step approach should be taken to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century, and to promote national rejuvenation through a Chinese path to modernization.

—The principal contradiction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, and the Party must therefore remain committed to a people-centered philosophy of development, develop whole-process people’s democracy, and make more notable and substantive progress toward achieving well-rounded human development and common prosperity for all.

—The integrated plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics covers five spheres, namely economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement, and that the comprehensive strategy in this regard includes four prongs, namely building a modern socialist country, deepening reform, advancing law-based governance, and strengthening Party self-governance.

—The overall objectives of comprehensively deepening reform are to develop and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and to modernize China’s system and capacity for governance.

—The overall goal of comprehensively advancing law-based governance is to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and to build a socialist rule of law country.

—China must uphold and improve its basic socialist economic system, see that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government plays its role better, have an accurate understanding of this new stage of development, apply a new philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development, accelerate efforts to foster a new pattern of development that is focused on the domestic economy but features positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows, promote high-quality development, and balance development and security imperatives.

—The Party’s goal for military development in the new era is to build the people’s armed forces into world-class forces that obey the Party’s command, that are able to fight and to win, and that maintain excellent conduct.

—Major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics aims to serve national rejuvenation, promote human progress, and facilitate efforts to foster a new type of international relations and build a human community with a shared future.

—Full and rigorous self-governance is a policy of strategic importance for the Party, and the general requirements for Party building in the new era include making all-around efforts to strengthen the Party in political, ideological, and organizational terms and in terms of conduct and discipline, with institution building incorporated into every aspect of this process, continuing the fight against corruption, and ensuring that the political responsibility for governance over the Party is fulfilled. By engaging in great self-transformation, the Party can steer great social transformation.

These strategic concepts and innovative ideas are the important outcomes of the Party’s theoretical development based on a deeper understanding of the underlying laws of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

习近平同志对关系新时代党和国家事业发展的一系列重大理论和实践问题进行了深邃思考和科学判断，就新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，建设什么样的社会主义现代化强国、怎样建设社会主义现代化强国，建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党等重大时代课题，提出一系列原创性的治国理政新理念新思想新战略，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的主要创立者。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是当代中国马克思主义、二十一世纪马克思主义，是中华文化和中国精神的时代精华，实现了马克思主义中国化新的飞跃。党确立习近平同志党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，确立习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指导地位，反映了全党全军全国各族人民共同心愿，对新时代党和国家事业发展、对推进中华民族伟大复兴历史进程具有决定性意义。
Comrade Xi Jinping, through meticulous assessment and deep reflection on a number of major theoretical and practical questions regarding the cause of the Party and the country in the new era, has set forth a series of original new ideas, thoughts, and strategies on national governance revolving around the major questions of our times: what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics we should uphold and develop in this new era, what kind of great modern socialist country we should build, and what kind of Marxist party exercising long-term governance we should develop, as well as how we should go about achieving these tasks. He is thus the principal founder of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. This is the Marxism of contemporary China and of the 21st century. It embodies the best of the Chinese culture and ethos in our times and represents a new breakthrough in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context. The Party has established Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and defined the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. This reflects the common will of the Party, the armed forces, and Chinese people of all ethnic groups, and is of decisive significance for advancing the cause of the Party and the country in the new era and for driving forward the historic process of national rejuvenation.

改革开放以后，党和国家事业取得重大成就，为新时代发展中国特色社会主义事业奠定了坚实基础、创造了有利条件。同时，党清醒认识到，外部环境变化带来许多新的风险挑战，国内改革发展稳定面临不少长期没有解决的深层次矛盾和问题以及新出现的一些矛盾和问题，管党治党一度宽松软带来党内消极腐败现象蔓延、政治生态出现严重问题，党群干群关系受到损害，党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力受到削弱，党治国理政面临重大考验。
The significant achievements attained in the cause of the Party and the country since the launch of reform and opening up have laid a solid foundation and created favorable conditions for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. At the same time, however, the Party has remained soberly aware that changes in the international environment have brought about many new risks and challenges and China faces no small number of long unresolved, deep-seated problems as well as newly emerging problems regarding reform, development, and stability. Moreover, previously lax and weak governance has enabled inaction and corruption to spread within the Party and led to serious problems in its political environment, which has harmed relations between the Party and the people and between officials and the public, weakened the Party’s creativity, cohesiveness, and ability, and posed a serious test to its exercise of national governance.

以习近平同志为核心的党中央，以伟大的历史主动精神、巨大的政治勇气、强烈的责任担当，统筹国内国际两个大局，贯彻党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略，统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，出台一系列重大方针政策，推出一系列重大举措，推进一系列重大工作，战胜一系列重大风险挑战，解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事，推动党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革。
The Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has demonstrated great historical initiative, tremendous political courage, and a powerful sense of mission. Keeping in mind both domestic and international imperatives, the Central Committee has implemented the Party’s basic theory, line, and policy and provided unified leadership for advancing our great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream. Acting on the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, it has introduced a raft of major principles and policies, launched a host of major initiatives, pushed ahead with many major tasks, and overcome a number of major risks and challenges. It has solved many tough problems that were long on the agenda but never resolved and accomplished many things that were wanted but never got done. With this, it has prompted historic achievements and historic shifts in the cause of the Party and the country.

（一）在坚持党的全面领导上
1. Upholding the Party’s overall leadership

改革开放以后，党为加强和改善党的领导进行持续努力，为党和国家事业发展提供了根本政治保证。同时，党内也存在不少对坚持党的领导认识模糊、行动乏力问题，存在不少落实党的领导弱化、虚化、淡化、边缘化问题，特别是对党中央重大决策部署执行不力，有的搞上有政策、下有对策，甚至口是心非、擅自行事。以习近平同志为核心的党中央旗帜鲜明提出，党的领导是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系，全党必须自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，提高科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平，提高把方向、谋大局、定政策、促改革的能力，确保充分发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has made continued efforts to strengthen and improve its leadership, providing fundamental political guarantees for the cause of the Party and the country. However, there have remained many problems within the Party with respect to upholding its leadership such as a lack of clear awareness and vigorous action as well as weak, ineffective, diluted, and marginalized efforts in implementation. In particular, the Central Committee’s major decisions and plans were not properly executed as some officials selectively implemented the Party’s policies or even feigned agreement or compliance and did things their own way.

The Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has made it clear that the leadership of the Party is the foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the pillar upon which the interests and wellbeing of all Chinese people depend. All Party members must maintain a high degree of unity with the Central Committee ideologically, politically, and in action. We need to enhance our capacity to conduct sound, democratic, and law-based governance, and ability to chart our course, craft overall plans, design policy, and promote reform. We must ensure that the Party fully exerts its core role in providing overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all sides.

党明确提出，党的领导是全面的、系统的、整体的，保证党的团结统一是党的生命；党中央集中统一领导是党的领导的最高原则，加强和维护党中央集中统一领导是全党共同的政治责任，坚持党的领导首先要旗帜鲜明讲政治，保证全党服从中央。党的十八届六中全会通过关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则，党中央出台中央政治局加强和维护党中央集中统一领导的若干规定，严明党的政治纪律和政治规矩，防止和反对个人主义、分散主义、自由主义、本位主义、好人主义等，发展积极健康的党内政治文化，推动营造风清气正的良好政治生态。党中央要求党的领导干部提高政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，胸怀“国之大者”，对党忠诚、听党指挥、为党尽责。党健全党的领导制度体系，完善党领导人大、政府、政协、监察机关、审判机关、检察机关、武装力量、人民团体、企事业单位、基层群众性自治组织、社会组织等制度，确保党在各种组织中发挥领导作用。党坚持民主集中制，建立健全党对重大工作的领导体制，强化党中央决策议事协调机构职能作用，完善推动党中央重大决策落实机制，严格执行向党中央请示报告制度，强化政治监督，深化政治巡视，查处违背党的路线方针政策、破坏党的集中统一领导问题，清除“两面人”，保证全党在政治立场、政治方向、政治原则、政治道路上同党中央保持高度一致。
The Party has clearly stated that it exercises overall, systemic, and integrated leadership, and that its lifeblood lies in maintaining its solidarity and unity. The centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee is the highest principle of the Party’s leadership, and upholding and strengthening this is the common political responsibility of each and every Party member. In upholding Party leadership, all Party members must, first and foremost, take a clear stance in maintaining political integrity to ensure that the whole Party obeys the Central Committee.

The Code of Conduct for Intraparty Political Life under New Circumstances was approved at the sixth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee. The regulations of the Political Bureau on upholding and strengthening the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee were also issued. These documents were designed to strictly enforce the Party’s political rules and discipline, to counteract and prevent self-centered behavior, decentralism, liberalism, departmentalism, and the “nice-guy” mentality, to cultivate a positive and healthy intraparty political culture, and to foster a sound political ecosystem featuring honesty and integrity within the Party.

The Central Committee has required leading officials to improve their capacity for political judgment, thinking, and implementation; to remain mindful of the country’s most fundamental interests; and to be loyal to the Party, obey its command, and fulfill their duties to it.

The Party has strengthened its leadership systems. It has improved the institutions for Party leadership over the people’s congresses, the government, the CPPCC, the supervisory, judicial, and procuratorial organs of the state, the armed forces, people’s organizations, enterprises and public institutions, primary-level people’s organizations for self-governance, and social organizations, thereby ensuring that the Party plays its role of providing leadership in all these organizations.

The Party has practiced democratic centralism. It has put in place sound systems for ensuring its leadership over major work of the state. The functions and roles of the Central Committee’s decision-making, deliberative, and coordinating institutions have been strengthened, and the mechanisms for ensuring implementation of the Central Committee’s major policies have been improved. The Party has strictly implemented the system for requesting instructions from and submitting reports to the Central Committee; tightened political oversight and inspection; investigated and handled cases of deviation from the Party’s line, principles, and policies as well as instances in which the Party’s centralized, unified leadership has been undermined; and rid the Party of members who acted duplicitously. All these measures have helped ensure that the whole Party maintains a high degree of unity with the Central Committee in terms of political stance, political orientation, political principles, and political path.

党的十八大以来，党中央权威和集中统一领导得到有力保证，党的领导制度体系不断完善，党的领导方式更加科学，全党思想上更加统一、政治上更加团结、行动上更加一致，党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力显著增强。
Since the 18th National Congress, the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership have remained robust, the Party’s leadership systems have improved, and the way in which the Party exercises its leadership has become more refined. There is greater unity among all Party members in terms of thinking, political resolve, and action, and the Party has significantly boosted its capacity to provide political leadership, give guidance through theory, organize the people, and inspire society.

（二）在全面从严治党上
2. Exercising full and rigorous self-governance

改革开放以后，党坚持党要管党、从严治党，推进党的建设取得明显成效。同时，由于一度出现管党不力、治党不严问题，有些党员、干部政治信仰出现严重危机，一些地方和部门选人用人风气不正，形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风盛行，特权思想和特权现象较为普遍存在。特别是搞任人唯亲、排斥异己的有之，搞团团伙伙、拉帮结派的有之，搞匿名诬告、制造谣言的有之，搞收买人心、拉动选票的有之，搞封官许愿、弹冠相庆的有之，搞自行其是、阳奉阴违的有之，搞尾大不掉、妄议中央的也有之，政治问题和经济问题相互交织，贪腐程度触目惊心。这“七个有之”问题严重影响党的形象和威信，严重损害党群干群关系，引起广大党员、干部、群众强烈不满和义愤。习近平同志强调，打铁必须自身硬，办好中国的事情，关键在党，关键在党要管党、全面从严治党。必须以加强党的长期执政能力建设、先进性和纯洁性建设为主线，以党的政治建设为统领，以坚定理想信念宗旨为根基，以调动全党积极性、主动性、创造性为着力点，不断提高党的建设质量，把党建设成为始终走在时代前列、人民衷心拥护、勇于自我革命、经得起各种风浪考验、朝气蓬勃的马克思主义执政党。党以永远在路上的清醒和坚定，坚持严的主基调，突出抓住“关键少数”，落实主体责任和监督责任，强化监督执纪问责，把全面从严治党贯穿于党的建设各方面。党中央召开各领域党建工作会议作出有力部署，推动党的建设全面进步。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has upheld the principle of the Party exercising effective self-supervision and practicing strict self-governance, making notable progress in Party building.

However, there was a certain period in which we failed to supervise Party organizations effectively or govern them with the necessary stringency. This resulted in a serious lack of political conviction among some Party members and officials, misconduct in the selection and appointment of personnel in some localities and government departments, a blatant culture of pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and a prevalence of privilege-seeking attitudes and behavior. To be more specific, some officials engaged in cronyism and ostracized those outside of their circle; some formed self-serving cliques; some anonymously lodged false accusations and fabricated rumors; some sought to buy popular support and rig elections in their favor; some promised official posts and lavished praise on each other for their promotions; some did things their own way and feigned compliance with policies while acting counter to them; and some got too big for their boots and made presumptuous comments on the decisions of the Central Committee. Such misconduct interwoven with political and economic issues led to a startling level of corruption that damaged the Party’s image and prestige and severely undermined relations between the Party and the people and between officials and the people, arousing the discontent and indignation of many Party members, officials, and members of the public.

Comrade Xi Jinping emphasized that it takes a good blacksmith to make good steel and that China’s success hinges on the Party, especially on the Party’s efforts to exercise effective self-supervision and full and rigorous self-governance. With this understanding, we must make strengthening the Party’s long-term governance capacity and its advanced nature and integrity the main tasks, make enhancing the Party politically the guiding principle, make firm commitment to the Party’s ideals, convictions, and purpose the foundation, and make harnessing the whole Party’s enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity the focus of our efforts. We must keep improving the efficacy of Party building and build the Party into a vibrant Marxist governing party that stays at the forefront of the times, enjoys the wholehearted support of the people, has the courage to reform itself, and is able to withstand all tests.

With the attitude and resolve to make Party building an unceasing endeavor, the Party has practiced rigorous self-governance and put the spotlight on leading officials, the “key few.” It has worked to ensure that responsibilities for taking charge and exercising supervision over self-governance are properly fulfilled, bolstered the enforcement of oversight, discipline, and accountability, and integrated the requirement for full and strict self-governance into all aspects of Party building. The Central Committee has convened meetings on Party building in various sectors and made effective plans in this regard, thus promoting all-around progress in Party building.

党中央强调，我们党来自人民、植根人民、服务人民，一旦脱离群众就会失去生命力，全面从严治党必须从人民群众反映强烈的作风问题抓起。党中央从制定和落实中央八项规定破题，坚持从中央政治局做起、从领导干部抓起，以上率下改进工作作风。中央政治局每年召开民主生活会，听取贯彻执行八项规定情况汇报，开展批评和自我批评。党中央发扬钉钉子精神，持之以恒纠治“四风”，反对特权思想和特权现象，狠刹公款送礼、公款吃喝、公款旅游、奢侈浪费等不正之风，解决群众反映强烈、损害群众利益的突出问题，推进基层减负，倡导勤俭节约、反对铺张浪费，刹住了一些过去被认为不可能刹住的歪风，纠治了一些多年未除的顽瘴痼疾，党风政风和社会风气为之一新。
The Central Committee has consistently stressed that our Party comes from the people, has its roots among the people, and is dedicated to serving the people. Once the Party becomes disengaged from the people, it will lose its vitality. To exercise strict self-governance in all respects, we must first address issues concerning Party conduct that the people are strongly concerned about.

For this purpose, the Central Committee started with formulating and enforcing an eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and worked to improve the Party’s style of work through a top-down approach, with members of the Political Bureau and leading officials taking the lead. The Political Bureau holds meetings every year to hear reports on implementation of the eight-point decision and to engage in criticism and self-criticism on this subject.

With the persistence to keep hammering away, the Central Committee has made consistent efforts to tackle pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. It has opposed privilege-seeking attitudes and behavior, shut down extravagant and wasteful spending and use of public funds for non-work-related gifts, dining, or travel, and worked to solve prominent problems that invite a strong public response or harm the public’s interests. The Central Committee has reduced burdens at the primary level, and encouraged frugality while opposing wasteful spending. Thanks to these efforts, certain unhealthy tendencies that were once considered impossible to control have been reined in, and certain problems that had long plagued us have been remedied, while Party, government, and social conduct have significantly improved.

党历来强调，全党必须做到理想信念坚定、组织体系严密、纪律规矩严明。马克思主义信仰、共产主义远大理想、中国特色社会主义共同理想，是中国共产党人的精神支柱和政治灵魂，也是保持党的团结统一的思想基础。党中央强调，理想信念是共产党人精神上的“钙”，共产党人如果没有理想信念，精神上就会“缺钙”，就会得“软骨病”，必然导致政治上变质、经济上贪婪、道德上堕落、生活上腐化。党坚持思想建党和制度治党同向发力，先后开展党的群众路线教育实践活动、“严以修身、严以用权、严以律己，谋事要实、创业要实、做人要实”专题教育、“学党章党规、学系列讲话，做合格党员”学习教育、“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育、党史学习教育等，用党的创新理论武装全党，推进学习型政党建设，教育引导广大党员、干部特别是领导干部从思想上正本清源、固本培元，筑牢信仰之基、补足精神之钙、把稳思想之舵，保持共产党人政治本色，挺起共产党人的精神脊梁。党提出和贯彻新时代党的组织路线，明确信念坚定、为民服务、勤政务实、敢于担当、清正廉洁的新时代好干部标准，突出政治素质要求、树立正确用人导向，坚持德才兼备、以德为先，坚持五湖四海、任人唯贤，坚持事业为上、公道正派，坚持不唯票、不唯分、不唯生产总值、不唯年龄，不搞“海推”、“海选”，强化党组织领导和把关作用，纠正选人用人上的不正之风。党要求各级领导干部解决好世界观、人生观、价值观这个“总开关”问题，珍惜权力、管好权力、慎用权力，自觉接受各方面监督，时刻想着为党分忧、为国奉献、为民造福。党坚持党管人才原则，实行更加积极、更加开放、更加有效的人才政策，深入实施新时代人才强国战略，加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地，聚天下英才而用之。党不断健全组织体系，以提升组织力为重点，增强党组织政治功能和组织功能，树立大抓基层的鲜明导向，推动党的组织和党的工作全覆盖。党坚持纪严于法、执纪执法贯通，用好监督执纪“四种形态”，强化政治纪律和组织纪律，带动各项纪律全面严起来。党坚持依规治党，严格遵守党章，形成比较完善的党内法规体系，严格制度执行，党的建设科学化、制度化、规范化水平明显提高。
The Party has always stressed that the whole Party must maintain firm ideals and convictions, well-constructed organizational systems, and strict rules and discipline.

Our faith in Marxism, the great ideal of communism, and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics are our source of strength and the anchor of our political soul as Chinese communists, and they constitute the ideological foundation for maintaining the Party’s unity. The Central Committee has stressed that ideals and convictions are like essential nutrients; without them, we would become frail and susceptible to corruption, greed, degeneracy, and decadence.

The Party has remained committed to integrating efforts to strengthen the Party ideologically with those to bolster self-governance through institutional building. In recent years, it has launched campaigns for advancing study and implementation of the mass line; for pushing Party members to be strict with themselves in practicing self-cultivation, exercising power, and maintaining self-discipline and to be earnest in their thinking, work, and behavior; for requiring Party members to study the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses and to meet Party standards; for raising awareness of the need to stay true to the Party’s founding mission; and for encouraging study of the Party’s history. Through these efforts, the Party aims to equip its members with its new theories and to turn itself into a learning party. It has worked to educate and guide Party members and officials, especially leading officials, so that they can keep the roots of their convictions healthy and strong and absorb the mental nutrients they need to maintain the right line in their thinking, and ultimately preserve their political character and the backbone of their identity as communists.

The Party has introduced and implemented an organizational line for the new era. It has specified a set of criteria for good officials, which include firm convictions, devotion to serving the people, a strong and pragmatic work ethic, a willingness to take responsibility, and a commitment to being clean and honest. In appointing officials, the Party has adopted a rational approach with a greater emphasis on political integrity. It has adhered to the principle of selecting officials on the basis of both integrity and ability, with greater weight given to the former, and on the basis of merit regardless of background, and it is intent on appointing those who are dedicated, impartial, and upright. The Party has opposed the selection of officials solely on the basis of votes, assessment scores, GDP growth rates, or age, or through open popularity contests. It has strengthened the role of Party organizations in exercising leadership and final oversight in order to rectify misconduct in the selection and appointment of officials.

The Party has mandated that leading officials at all levels cultivate a proper worldview, outlook on life, and sense of values, all of which serve as the “master switch” for their conduct, and that they appreciate the power entrusted to them, manage it well, and use it prudently. They must willingly submit to the oversight from all sides, share the Party’s concerns at all times, make contributions to the country, and work for the people’s wellbeing.

The Party has adhered to the principle of the Party supervising personnel, pursued a more proactive, open, and effective personnel policy, implemented the strategy of invigorating China by developing a quality workforce in the new era, and moved faster to build world-class hubs for talent and innovation, thus bringing together the brightest minds from all corners.

The Party has constantly strengthened its organizational system with a focus on improving the organizational capacity of Party organizations and enhancing their political and organizational functions. By attaching greater attention to the primary level, the Party has promoted full coverage for its organizational framework and initiatives.

The Party has upheld the principles that Party discipline should be even more stringent than the law and that discipline and law enforcement efforts should go hand in hand. It has conducted four forms of oversight over discipline compliance,[ The four forms are: 1) criticism and self-criticism activities and oral and written inquiries which are to be conducted regularly, to ensure that those who have committed minor misconduct are made to “redden and sweat”; 2) light penalties and minor organizational adjustments to official positions, which are to be applied in the majority of cases; 3) heavy penalties and major adjustments to official positions, which are to be applied in a small number of cases; and 4) investigation and prosecution, which are to be undertaken in a very small number of cases involving serious violations of discipline and suspected criminal activity.] strengthened political and organizational discipline, and promoted stricter observance of discipline on all fronts. The Party has remained committed to exercising rule-based governance over the Party, strictly abided by the Party Constitution, and developed a sound system of intraparty regulations. It has worked to ensure strict compliance with all Party institutions, and to make Party building efforts more rationally-conceived, institutionalized, and procedure-based.

党中央强调，腐败是党长期执政的最大威胁，反腐败是一场输不起也决不能输的重大政治斗争，不得罪成百上千的腐败分子，就要得罪十四亿人民，必须把权力关进制度的笼子里，依纪依法设定权力、规范权力、制约权力、监督权力。党坚持不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一体推进，惩治震慑、制度约束、提高觉悟一体发力，确保党和人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋幸福。坚持无禁区、全覆盖、零容忍，坚持重遏制、强高压、长震慑，坚持受贿行贿一起查，坚持有案必查、有腐必惩，以猛药去疴、重典治乱的决心，以刮骨疗毒、壮士断腕的勇气，坚定不移“打虎”、“拍蝇”、“猎狐”。坚决整治群众身边腐败问题，深入开展国际追逃追赃，清除一切腐败分子。党聚焦政治问题和经济问题交织的腐败案件，防止党内形成利益集团，查处周永康、薄熙来、孙政才、令计划等严重违纪违法案件。党领导完善党和国家监督体系，推动设立国家监察委员会和地方各级监察委员会，构建巡视巡察上下联动格局，构建以党内监督为主导、各类监督贯通协调的机制，加强对权力运行的制约和监督。
The Central Committee has stressed that corruption is the greatest threat to the Party’s long-term governance. The fight against corruption is a major political struggle that the Party cannot and must not lose. If we let a few hundred corrupt officials slip through the cracks, we would let down all 1.4 billion Chinese people. We must confine power to an institutional cage and ensure that powers are properly defined, standardized, constrained, and subject to oversight in accordance with discipline and the law.

The Party has made integrated efforts to see that officials do not have the opportunity, desire, or audacity to engage in corruption. It has used punishment as a deterrent, strengthened institutional constraints, and promoted heightened consciousness, so as to ensure that the powers conferred by the Party and the people are always used for the people’s benefit. The Party insists that no place is out of bounds, no ground is left unturned, and no tolerance is shown in the fight against corruption. It has imposed tight constraints, maintained a firm stance, and strengthened long-term deterrents against corruption. It has punished both those who take bribes and those who offer them and ensured that every case is investigated and all perpetrators of corruption are punished. The Party has shown the determination to adopt powerful remedies and the courage to take painful measures for the sake of the bigger picture, and taken firm action to “take out tigers,” “swat flies,” and “hunt down foxes.”

The Party has intensified efforts to address corruption that occurs on the people’s doorsteps, hunt down corrupt officials who fled overseas and recover state assets they had stolen, and root out all corrupt officials. The Party has focused on dealing with cases involving both political and economic corruption, prevented interest groups from arising within the Party, and investigated and punished corrupt officials such as Zhou Yongkang, Bo Xilai, Sun Zhengcai, and Ling Jihua for their serious violations of Party discipline and the law.

The Party has taken the lead in improving Party and state oversight systems, promoted the establishment of the National Commission of Supervision and local supervisory commissions at all levels, and developed an oversight network that facilitates coordination in disciplinary inspections conducted at different levels and mechanisms for promoting coordination between various types of oversight with intraparty oversight playing the main role. Through these efforts, we have strengthened checks and oversight on the exercise of power.

党的十八大以来，经过坚决斗争，全面从严治党的政治引领和政治保障作用充分发挥，党的自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力显著增强，管党治党宽松软状况得到根本扭转，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利并全面巩固，消除了党、国家、军队内部存在的严重隐患，党在革命性锻造中更加坚强。
By taking resolute action since the 18th National Congress, we have given full play to the role of full and strict Party self-governance in providing political guidance and guarantees, significantly strengthened the Party’s ability to improve and reform itself and maintain its integrity, and addressed the problem of lax and weak governance over Party organizations at the fundamental level. An overwhelming victory has been achieved in the fight against corruption, and this momentum has been consolidated across the board. As serious potential dangers in the Party, the country, and the military have been rooted out, our Party has grown stronger through revolutionary tempering.

（三）在经济建设上
3. Pursuing economic development

改革开放以后，党扭住经济建设这个中心，领导人民埋头苦干，创造出经济快速发展奇迹，国家经济实力大幅跃升。同时，由于一些地方和部门存在片面追求速度规模、发展方式粗放等问题，加上国际金融危机后世界经济持续低迷影响，经济结构性体制性矛盾不断积累，发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题十分突出。党中央提出，我国经济发展进入新常态，已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，面临增长速度换挡期、结构调整阵痛期、前期刺激政策消化期“三期叠加”的复杂局面，传统发展模式难以为继。党中央强调，贯彻新发展理念是关系我国发展全局的一场深刻变革，不能简单以生产总值增长率论英雄，必须实现创新成为第一动力、协调成为内生特点、绿色成为普遍形态、开放成为必由之路、共享成为根本目的的高质量发展，推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has concentrated on economic development as the central task, and led the people in working diligently to bring about a miracle of rapid growth. China’s economic strength has thus risen by a significant margin.

However, there existed problems such as undue emphasis on the rate and scale of growth in some localities and sectors and an extensive growth model. They, combined with the impact from sluggish world economy in the aftermath of the global financial crisis, led to a stack-up of institutional and structural problems in China’s economy. Imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development hence became a glaring issue.

The Central Committee determined that China’s economy had reached a new normal of development, and was transitioning from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development. Our traditional growth model could no longer be sustained in the face of a complex situation in which we must deal with a slowdown in economic growth, make painful structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies all at once.

The Central Committee noted that applying a new development philosophy represented a profound shift affecting China’s overall development. The GDP growth rate could not serve as the sole yardstick of success for development. Rather, it was imperative to achieve high-quality development in which innovation is the primary driver, coordination is an endogenous trait, eco-friendly growth prevails, openness to the world is the only way, and shared growth is the ultimate goal, with a view to propelling transformative changes in the quality, efficiency, and impetus of economic development.

党加强对经济工作的战略谋划和统一领导，完善党领导经济工作体制机制。党的十八届五中全会、党的十九大、党的十九届五中全会和历次中央经济工作会议集中对我国发展作出部署，作出坚持以高质量发展为主题、以供给侧结构性改革为主线、建设现代化经济体系、把握扩大内需战略基点，打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治三大攻坚战等重大决策。党毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，支持国有资本和国有企业做强做优做大，建立中国特色现代企业制度，增强国有经济竞争力、创新力、控制力、影响力、抗风险能力；构建亲清政商关系，促进非公有制经济健康发展和非公有制经济人士健康成长。党坚持实施创新驱动发展战略，把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑，健全新型举国体制，强化国家战略科技力量，加强基础研究，推进关键核心技术攻关和自主创新，强化知识产权创造、保护、运用，加快建设创新型国家和世界科技强国。全面实施供给侧结构性改革，推进去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，落实巩固、增强、提升、畅通要求，推进制造强国建设，加快发展现代产业体系，壮大实体经济，发展数字经济。完善宏观经济治理，创新宏观调控思路和方式，增强宏观政策自主性，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，坚持推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务，保障粮食安全、能源资源安全、产业链供应链安全，坚持金融为实体经济服务，全面加强金融监管，防范化解经济金融领域风险，强化市场监管和反垄断规制，防止资本无序扩张，维护市场秩序，激发各类市场主体特别是中小微企业活力，保护广大劳动者和消费者权益。党实施区域协调发展战略，促进京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展、粤港澳大湾区建设、长三角一体化发展、黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展，高标准高质量建设雄安新区，推动西部大开发形成新格局，推动东北振兴取得新突破，推动中部地区高质量发展，鼓励东部地区加快推进现代化，支持革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区改善生产生活条件。推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，加强城市规划、建设、管理。党始终把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重，实施乡村振兴战略，加快推进农业农村现代化，坚持藏粮于地、藏粮于技，实行最严格的耕地保护制度，推动种业科技自立自强、种源自主可控，确保把中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中。
The Party stepped up strategic planning and unified leadership over economic work, and improved its institutions and mechanisms for leading economic development. Through the fifth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee, the 19th National Congress, the fifth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee, and a series of central economic work conferences, it rolled out new plans and made major decisions in this regard. They were as follows: focusing on the main theme of high-quality development and the main task of supply-side structural reform; building a modern economic system; expanding domestic demand as a strategic priority; and fighting effectively in the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution.

The Party has worked with unswerving commitment to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. It has prompted state capital and state-owned enterprises to grow stronger, better, and larger, established a modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, and worked to make the public sector more competitive, innovative, risk-resilient, and capable of exerting a greater level of influence and control over the economy. A cordial and clean relationship has been cultivated between government and business, and steps have been taken to facilitate the healthy growth of the non-public sector and encourage those working in this sector to achieve success.

The Party has been committed to the innovation-driven development strategy. It has made self-reliance in science and technology the strategic pillar for the country’s development and developed a new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide for this purpose. It has strengthened China’s capabilities in strategic science and technology, intensified basic research, and spurred breakthroughs and original innovation on core technologies in key fields. The Party has bolstered the creation, protection, and application of intellectual property rights, and moved faster to build China into a country of innovators and a global leader in science and technology.

The Party has carried out supply-side structural reform on all fronts. It has worked to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and shore up weaknesses, and implemented the principles of consolidating gains made in this regard, strengthening the dynamism of micro entities, upgrading industrial chains, and ensuring unimpeded flows in the economy. It has increased efforts to build China into a manufacturer of quality, build a modern industrial system, expand the real economy, and develop the digital economy.

The Party has improved its macroeconomic governance, adopted innovative ideas and approaches in macroeconomic regulation, shown greater initiative in macro policymaking, and implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. The Party has pressed forward with efforts to streamline administration, delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services. Steps have been taken to ensure food, energy, and resource security as well as the security of industrial and supply chains. The Party has worked to ensure that the financial sector better serves the real economy, strengthened financial regulation across the board, taken measures to prevent and defuse economic and financial risks, and stepped up market supervision and anti-monopoly regulation. The Party has also taken measures to prevent runaway expansion of capital, maintain order in the market, galvanize market entities of all types, especially micro, small, and medium enterprises, and protect the rights and interests of workers and consumers.

The Party has introduced a coordinated regional development strategy. It has promoted coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, integrated development in the Yangtze River Delta, ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin, and high-quality construction of Xiongan New Area to a high standard. The Party has prompted a new phase in the large-scale development of the western region, new breakthroughs in the revitalization of the northeast, and high-quality development of the central region, and encouraged the eastern region to accelerate its pace of modernization. The Party has provided assistance for improving working and living conditions in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and impoverished areas. It has promoted a new, people-centered type of urbanization and improved urban planning, development, and management.

The Party has always made issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents a top priority. It has introduced a rural revitalization strategy and accelerated the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. It has adopted a food crop production strategy based on farmland management and the application of technology, implemented the strictest possible system for the protection of farmland, and worked to increase self-reliance in seed technology and ensure that China’s seed resources are self-supporting and under better control. With all these efforts, the Chinese people’s food supply has remained firmly in their own hands.

党的十八大以来，我国经济发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强，国内生产总值突破百万亿元大关，人均国内生产总值超过一万美元，国家经济实力、科技实力、综合国力跃上新台阶，我国经济迈上更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续、更为安全的发展之路。
Since the 18th National Congress, our economic development has become much more balanced, coordinated, and sustainable. China’s GDP has exceeded 100 trillion yuan, while per capita GDP has topped US$10,000. China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, and composite national strength have reached new heights, and our economy is now on a path of higher-quality development that is more efficient, equitable, sustainable, and secure.