十八大报告全文英汉对照

四、加快完善社会主义市场经济体制和加快转变经济发展方式

IV. Accelerating the Improvement of the Socialist Market Economy and the Change of the Growth Model

以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。只有推动经济持续健康发展，才能筑牢国家繁荣富强、人民幸福安康、社会和谐稳定的物质基础。必须坚持发展是硬道理的战略思想，决不能有丝毫动摇。

Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China. Only by promoting sustained and sound economic development can we lay a solid material foundation for enhancing the country's prosperity and strength, improving the people's wellbeing and ensuring social harmony and stability. We must unwaveringly adhere to the strategic thinking that only development counts.

在当代中国，坚持发展是硬道理的本质要求就是坚持科学发展。以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，是关系我国发展全局的战略抉择。要适应国内外经济形势新变化，加快形成新的经济发展方式，把推动发展的立足点转到提高质量和效益上来，着力激发各类市场主体发展新活力，着力增强创新驱动发展新动力，着力构建现代产业发展新体系，着力培育开放型经济发展新优势，使经济发展更多依靠内需特别是消费需求拉动，更多依靠现代服务业和战略性新兴产业带动，更多依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、管理创新驱动，更多依靠节约资源和循环经济推动，更多依靠城乡区域发展协调互动，不断增强长期发展后劲。

In contemporary China, pursuing development in a scientific way best embodies the thinking that only development counts. Taking the pursuit of development in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as a major task is a strategic choice we have made for promoting China's overall development. In response to changes in both domestic and international economic developments, we should speed up the creation of a new growth model and ensure that development is based on improved quality and performance. We should fire all types of market participants with new vigor for development, increase motivation for pursuing innovation-driven development, establish a new system for developing modern industries, and create new favorable conditions for developing the open economy. This will make economic development driven more by domestic demand, especially consumer demand, by a modern service industry and strategic emerging industries, by scientific and technological progress, by a workforce of higher quality and innovation in management, by resource conservation and a circular economy, and by coordinated and mutually reinforcing urban-rural development and development between regions. Taking these steps will enable us to sustain long-term development.

坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路，推动信息化和工业化深度融合、工业化和城镇化良性互动、城镇化和农业现代化相互协调，促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展。

We should keep to the Chinese-style path of carrying out industrialization in a new way and advancing IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization. We should promote integration of IT application and industrialization, interaction between industrialization and urbanization, and coordination between urbanization and agricultural modernization, thus promoting harmonized development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.

（一）全面深化经济体制改革。深化改革是加快转变经济发展方式的关键。经济体制改革的核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系，必须更加尊重市场规律，更好发挥政府作用。要毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，推行公有制多种实现形式，深化国有企业改革，完善各类国有资产管理体制，推动国有资本更多投向关系国家安全和国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域，不断增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力。毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护。健全现代市场体系，加强宏观调控目标和政策手段机制化建设。加快改革财税体制，健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制，完善促进基本公共服务均等化和主体功能区建设的公共财政体系，构建地方税体系，形成有利于结构优化、社会公平的税收制度。建立公共资源出让收益合理共享机制。深化金融体制改革，健全促进宏观经济稳定、支持实体经济发展的现代金融体系，加快发展多层次资本市场，稳步推进利率和汇率市场化改革，逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换。加快发展民营金融机构。完善金融监管，推进金融创新，提高银行、证券、保险等行业竞争力，维护金融稳定。

1. Deepen economic structural reform across the board

Deepening reform is crucial for accelerating the change of the growth model. The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government. We should unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy; allow public ownership to take diverse forms; deepen reform of state-owned enterprises; improve the mechanisms for managing all types of state assets; and invest more of state capital in major industries and key fields that comprise the lifeline of the economy and are vital to national security. We should thus steadily enhance the vitality of the state-owned sector of the economy and its capacity to leverage and influence the economy. At the same time, we must unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, and ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and are protected by the law as equals. We should improve the modern market system and strengthen institutional procedures for setting macro-regulation targets and employing policy tools. We should accelerate the reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and ensure that the central and local governments have sufficient financial resources to exercise their respective powers and fulfill their respective responsibilities. We should improve the public finance system to ensure equal access to basic public services and promote the building of functional zones. We should also institute local tax systems and improve the structure of the taxation system to promote social fairness. We should establish a mechanism for equitable sharing of proceeds from public resource transfers. We should deepen reform of the financial system and improve the modern financial system so that it will better contribute to macroeconomic stability and support development of the real economy. We should accelerate development of a multilevel capital market, take steady steps to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, and promote the RMB's convertibility under capital accounts in due course. We should speed up the development of private financial institutions. We should improve financial supervision and oversight, promote financial innovations, improve the competitiveness of banking, securities, insurance and other sectors, and ensure financial stability.

（二）实施创新驱动发展战略。科技创新是提高社会生产力和综合国力的战略支撑，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置。要坚持走中国特色自主创新道路，以全球视野谋划和推动创新，提高原始创新、集成创新和引进消化吸收再创新能力，更加注重协同创新。深化科技体制改革，推动科技和经济紧密结合，加快建设国家创新体系，着力构建以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系。完善知识创新体系，强化基础研究、前沿技术研究、社会公益技术研究，提高科学研究水平和成果转化能力，抢占科技发展战略制高点。实施国家科技重大专项，突破重大技术瓶颈。加快新技术新产品新工艺研发应用，加强技术集成和商业模式创新。完善科技创新评价标准、激励机制、转化机制。实施知识产权战略，加强知识产权保护。促进创新资源高效配置和综合集成，把全社会智慧和力量凝聚到创新发展上来。

2. Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development

Scientific and technological innovation provides strategic support for raising the productive forces and boosting the overall national strength, and we must give it top priority in overall national development. We should follow a path of making innovation with Chinese features and take steps to promote innovation to catch up with global advances. We should increase our capacity for making original innovation and integrated innovation and for making further innovation on the basis of absorbing advances in overseas science and technology, and place greater emphasis on making innovation through collaboration. We should deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, promote close integration of science and technology with economic development, and speed up the development of the national innovation system. We should establish a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market points the way, and enterprises, universities and research institutes work together. We should improve the knowledge-based innovation system, and strengthen basic research, research in frontier technologies, and public benefit-oriented research and development; and we should improve research and our capacity for applying research results to production to ensure that we can obtain the leading strategic position in research and development. We should launch important national science and technology projects to remove major technological bottlenecks. We should speed up the research, development and application of new technologies, products and production processes, strengthen innovation in integration of technologies and develop new business models. We should improve standards for evaluating scientific and technological innovations and mechanisms for rewarding such innovations and applying them to production. We should implement the strategy concerning intellectual property rights and strengthen their protection. We should efficiently allocate and fully integrate innovation resources, and ensure that the wisdom and strength of the whole society are directed toward promoting innovation-driven development.

（三）推进经济结构战略性调整。这是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。必须以改善需求结构、优化产业结构、促进区域协调发展、推进城镇化为重点，着力解决制约经济持续健康发展的重大结构性问题。要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，释放居民消费潜力，保持投资合理增长，扩大国内市场规模。牢牢把握发展实体经济这一坚实基础，实行更加有利于实体经济发展的政策措施，强化需求导向，推动战略性新兴产业、先进制造业健康发展，加快传统产业转型升级，推动服务业特别是现代服务业发展壮大，合理布局建设基础设施和基础产业。建设下一代信息基础设施，发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系，推进信息网络技术广泛运用。提高大中型企业核心竞争力，支持小微企业特别是科技型小微企业发展。继续实施区域发展总体战略，充分发挥各地区比较优势，优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。采取对口支援等多种形式，加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区扶持力度。科学规划城市群规模和布局，增强中小城市和小城镇产业发展、公共服务、吸纳就业、人口集聚功能。加快改革户籍制度，有序推进农业转移人口市民化，努力实现城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖。

3. Carry out strategic adjustment of the economic structure

This is the major goal of accelerating the change of the growth model. We must strive to remove major structural barriers to sustained and sound economic development, with a focus on improving the demand mix and the industrial structure, promoting balanced development between regions and advancing urbanization. We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market. We should focus on developing the real economy as a firm foundation of the economy. We should adopt policies and measures to better facilitate the development of the real economy. We should make the economy more demand-driven, promote the sound growth of strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries, speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, develop and expand the service sector, especially modern service industries, and make the geographical and structural layout of the development of infrastructure and basic industries more balanced. We should develop next-generation information infrastructure and modern IT industry, better ensure information security, and promote the application of information network technologies. We should enhance the core competitiveness of large and medium-sized enterprises and support development of small and micro businesses, especially small and micro science and technology companies. We should continue to implement the master strategy for regional development and fully leverage the comparative advantages of different regions. We should give high priority to large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize old industrial bases in northeast China, work vigorously to promote the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development. We should increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas through pairing assistance and other means. We should make scientific plans for the scale and layout of urban agglomerations; and we should make small and medium-sized cities and small towns better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract population. We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly way, and endeavor to ensure that all permanent urban residents have access to basic urban public services.

（四）推动城乡发展一体化。解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作重中之重，城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径。要加大统筹城乡发展力度，增强农村发展活力，逐步缩小城乡差距，促进城乡共同繁荣。坚持工业反哺农业、城市支持农村和多予少取放活方针，加大强农惠农富农政策力度，让广大农民平等参与现代化进程、共同分享现代化成果。加快发展现代农业，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给。坚持把国家基础设施建设和社会事业发展重点放在农村，深入推进新农村建设和扶贫开发，全面改善农村生产生活条件。着力促进农民增收，保持农民收入持续较快增长。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度，依法维护农民土地承包经营权、宅基地使用权、集体收益分配权，壮大集体经济实力，发展农民专业合作和股份合作，培育新型经营主体，发展多种形式规模经营，构建集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系。改革征地制度，提高农民在土地增值收益中的分配比例。加快完善城乡发展一体化体制机制，着力在城乡规划、基础设施、公共服务等方面推进一体化，促进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置，形成以工促农、以城带乡、工农互惠、城乡一体的新型工农、城乡关系。

4. Integrate urban and rural development

Resolving issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the number one priority in the Party's work, and integrating urban and rural development provides the fundamental solution to these issues. We should better balance urban and rural development, boost rural development, work to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote their common prosperity. We should continue to encourage industry to support agriculture in return for agriculture's earlier contribution to its development and encourage cities to support rural areas. We should give more to farmers, take less from them and lift restrictions over their economic activities. We should increase policy support to boost agriculture, benefit farmers and increase rural prosperity, and encourage the rural population to participate in modernization on an equal footing and share in its fruits. We should speed up the development of modern agriculture, raise the overall production capacity of agriculture, and ensure food security and effective supply of major agricultural products in China. We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country. We should work harder to build new rural areas, carry out programs of poverty alleviation through development and fully improve rural working and living conditions. We should ensure sustained and fast growth of rural income. We should uphold and improve the basic system for rural operations and protect in accordance with the law farmers' rights to farm the land they have contracted, to use the land on which their houses sit, and to share in the proceeds from rural collective operations. We should strengthen the collective economy, develop specialized cooperatives and joint stock partnerships for farmers, foster new types of agricultural business entities, and develop large-scale agricultural operations in diverse forms. We should establish a new type of system for intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized. We should reform the land expropriation system and increase the share of gain in land value to farmers. We should speed up improvements to institutions and mechanisms for promoting integrated urban and rural development, with a focus on integrating urban and rural planning, infrastructure and public services. We should ensure equal exchange of factors of production between urban and rural areas and balance allocation of public resources between them. What we aim to achieve is a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, agriculture and industry benefit each other, and there is integrated urban and rural development.

（五）全面提高开放型经济水平。适应经济全球化新形势，必须实行更加积极主动的开放战略，完善互利共赢、多元平衡、安全高效的开放型经济体系。要加快转变对外经济发展方式，推动开放朝着优化结构、拓展深度、提高效益方向转变。创新开放模式，促进沿海内陆沿边开放优势互补，形成引领国际经济合作和竞争的开放区域，培育带动区域发展的开放高地。坚持出口和进口并重，强化贸易政策和产业政策协调，形成以技术、品牌、质量、服务为核心的出口竞争新优势，促进加工贸易转型升级，发展服务贸易，推动对外贸易平衡发展。提高利用外资综合优势和总体效益，推动引资、引技、引智有机结合。加快走出去步伐，增强企业国际化经营能力，培育一批世界水平的跨国公司。统筹双边、多边、区域次区域开放合作，加快实施自由贸易区战略，推动同周边国家互联互通。提高抵御国际经济风险能力。

5. Promote all-around improvements to China's open economy

In response to new developments in economic globalization, we must implement a more proactive opening up strategy and improve the open economy so that it promotes mutual benefit and is diversified, balanced, secure and efficient. We should move faster to change the way the external-oriented economy grows, and make China's open economy become better structured, expand in scope and yield greater returns. We should make innovations in the mode of opening up; encourage coastal, inland and border areas to draw on each other's strengths in opening up; develop open areas that take the lead in global economic cooperation and competition; and form leading areas of opening up that drive regional development. We should continue to attach equal importance to export and import, better coordinate trade and industrial policies, and make China's exports more competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service. We should transform and upgrade processing trade, develop service trade, and promote balanced development of foreign trade. We should make full use of our overall advantageous position in utilizing foreign capital and make better use of such investment. We should step up efforts to attract investment, technology and high-caliber professionals from overseas. Chinese companies should expand overseas presence at a faster pace, enhance their operation in an international environment, and develop a number of world-class multinational corporations. We should make overall planning for bilateral, multilateral, regional and sub-regional opening up and cooperation, accelerate implementation of the strategy of building free trade areas, and promote infrastructure connectivity with our neighboring countries. We should become better able to defuse international economic risks.

我们一定要坚定信心，打胜全面深化经济体制改革和加快转变经济发展方式这场硬仗，把我国经济发展活力和竞争力提高到新的水平。

We must have firm confidence in winning the tough battle of deepening reform of the economic structure across the board and of accelerating the change of the growth model so as to increase the vitality and competitiveness of China's economy.