Denounce, condemn, deplore 单词辨析

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Feifei: 大家好，欢迎收听《你问我答》节目，我是冯菲菲。在这个节目中，我们会回答各位在英语学习中遇到的问题。如果你在英语学习中遇到任何难题都可以发邮件给我们。我们的电子邮箱是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk. 今天的问题来自北京的 Tom, 我们先来听一下他的问题。

Question

I often see the three words 'denounce', 'condemn', 'deplore' in the news to express views about somebody or something. Could you tell me the difference between them and give me some good examples, so that I can understand them well. Thank you in advance!

Feifei: Tom 想请我们讲解一下经常会在新闻报道中听到的三个单词 'denounce', 'condemn' 还有 'deplore' 的区别。虽然这三个词都能表达比较消极的、否定的意思，但在具体的词义和使用上还是有区别的。我们先来说说单词 denounce, 它是个动词，意思是公开指责、谴责。

Examples

Woman: Mr Hong said he had borrowed the bicycle, but nobody believed him, and his neighbours denounced him as a thief.

Man: Some critics have denounced the plans as dangerous.

Feifei: 动词 denounce 用来表示指责的意思时可以指责一个人或物，但后面必须加宾语。比如说，洪先生的邻居指责说他是一个小偷 his neighbours denounced him as a thief; 接下来我们来指责一个物 some critics have denounced the plans as dangerous, 这里指责的物就是一个 plan 计划。那我们再来看看单词 condemn 它的用法和 denounce 很相似，意思是谴责。比如在说上面举到的例子，我们可以用单词 condemn 来代替 denounce. 洪先生的邻居可以 condemn him as a thief.

Examples

Woman: Mr Hong said he had borrowed the bicycle, but nobody believed him, and his neighbours condemned him as a thief.

Man: Most governments condemn the use of child soldiers.

Feifei: Condemn 可以和不定式 to 连用，表示对某人处以刑罚。比方说，某人可以被处以死刑。

Example

The murderers were condemned to death.

Feifei: 处以死刑 condemned to death. 我们还可以用 condemn to 来描述某人被迫接受困境或不愉快的处境。请听下面的例子 – 这是一句格言，意思是“不吸取历史教训的人注定要重蹈覆辙”。

Example

Woman: Those who do not learn the lessons of history are condemned to repeat it.

Feifei: 最后我们来看动词 deplore, 意思是谴责，强烈反对。我们常用 deplore 来谴责一种行为、行径，而不用这个词来谴责一个人。比如说，你可以 deplore an event or action 而不能 deplore a person.

Examples

Man: Most governments deplore the use of child soldiers.

Woman: The villagers deplored the theft of the bicycle.

Feifei: 今天我们讲解了三个通常在新闻报道中可以用到的表达反对和谴责的词。在结束今天节目之前，我们再来听几个例子。

Examples

Man: The organisers deplore the waste of food.

Woman: The team lost most of their games, and were condemned to play in the second division.

Man: The new policy has been denounced by almost everyone.

Woman: We condemn the attack as completely unacceptable.

Feifei: 希望今天的节目对 Tom 的英语学习有所帮助。感谢收听，我们下次再会啦。

Goodbye!

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（来源：BBC英语教学 编辑：Julie）