研究：印度、孟加拉、中国易遭洪灾

 

India, Bangladesh and China are most at risk from river floods, with an increasing number of people threatened because of climate change and economic growth in low-lying regions, a study said on Thursday.

本周四公布的一份研究称，印度、孟加拉共和国、中国为洪水多发区，由于气候变化和低洼地区的经济发展，越来越多的人们将受到洪水的威胁。

The U.S.-based World Resources Institute think-tank and four Dutch research groups estimated that some 21 million people worldwide were affected by river flooding in a typical year.

总部位于美国的世界资源研究所和四个荷兰研究小组估计，通常全球每年有2100万人饱受洪水之灾。

"That number could increase to 54 million in 2030 due to climate change and socio-economic development," their report said.

报告中提到：“由于气候变化和社会经济发展，这个数字在2030年会增长到5400万。”

People living in 15 emerging nations, led by India, Bangladesh, China, Vietnam andPakistan, accounted for almost 80 percent of all those affected by floods in an average year, it said. In India alone, almost five million people were at risk.

受灾人口主要分布在15个国家，以印度、孟加拉共和国、中国、越南和巴基斯坦为首，占到全球每年受灾人口的80%。报告中说，仅仅印度每年就有将近500万人受洪水影响。

The United States had 167,000 people exposed to floods in a average year, the most for any developed nation, putting it 18th on a ranking of more than 160 nations.

美国每年有16.7万人受洪灾影响，居于发达国家之首，在160多个国家中位居第18名。

The U.N. panel of climate scientists said last year that global warming would lead to more risks of floods, heatwaves, storms, downpours, landslides, air pollution, water scarcity, sea level rise and storm surges.

联合国气候小组的科学家去年表示，全球气候变暖使发生洪灾、热浪、风暴、暴雨、山体滑坡、空气污染、水资源短缺、海平面上涨、风暴潮的危险性增加。

Thursday's study estimated that $96 billion of annual global gross domestic product was exposed to river floods every year, led by India on $14 billion and Bangladesh on $5.4 billion. This amount could rise to $521 billion by 2030. it said.

据该报告估计，每年全球因洪灾或会损失大约960亿美元生产总值，印度损失最高（140亿美元），其次是孟加拉共和国（54亿美元）。并且这个数字在2030年会升至5210亿美元。

"There will be a huge increase in risk, especially in South East Asia," Hessel Winsemius, an author of the study at Dutch independent research institute Deltares, told Reuters.

该报告的一位作者、独立研究所荷兰三角洲研究所（Deltares）的埃塞尔•文塞缪斯（Hessel Winsemius）告诉路透社：“灾害会大幅增加，特别是东南亚。”

Such flooding can also impact multinational companies which spread their production capacity -- monsoon floods in Thailand in 2011 killed more than 800 people and closed many factories -- including some making parts for firms such as Intel and Apple.

洪水还会影响生产力各地遍布的跨国公司。比如2011泰国的季风洪水导致800多人死亡且使许多工厂停工，其中包括为跨国公司如英特尔、苹果服务的配件制造工厂。

Many cities on flood plains were expected to expand in coming years, putting more people and businesses at risk. Multinational companies should think more about flood risks, including back-up suppliers or insurance from vulnerable areas.

未来几年，洪泛平原的城市将不断扩大，这将更多的人和产业置于危险之中。跨国公司应该更多地考虑到洪灾，设立后备供应商或为易受灾地区购买保险。

Developing nations are working to adapt.

发展中国家正为适应洪灾而努力。

Thailand, for instance, is experimenting with floating homes that can rise up above the waters on pontoons filled with styrofoam.

比如泰国正在试验漂流屋，洪水来临时，这些置于泡沫浮舟上的漂流屋可以漂浮在水面。

（译者：侯霄SCNU  编辑：Julie）