看律政剧必备的法庭词汇（1）

经常看英美剧的同学，大概每个人的关注剧中都有一两部是律政题材的吧？像《诉讼双雄》（Suits）、《风骚律师》（Better Call Saul）、《皇家律师》（Silk），以及最新的《美国犯罪故事》（American Crime Story）等。看剧中人物在法庭上唇枪舌战固然精彩，不过，有些法庭用语大家都能明白吗？

我们最近就会推出法庭常用词汇系列，为大家拓展一下词汇量，就算不看美剧，多学点单词也是极好的啊！

Terms Commonly Used in Court Part 1
法庭常用词汇（1）

Accused 被告

例句：

The fifteen accused, young men from different parts of England, denied the charges.
被告是15名来自英格兰各地的年轻男子，他们对指控矢口否认。

Action 诉讼

例句：

Two leading law firms are to prepare legal actions against tobacco companies.
两家很有名的律师事务所准备向烟草公司提起诉讼。

Adjudicate 裁决

例句：

The international court of justice might be a suitable place to adjudicate claims.
国际法庭或许是对所有权作出裁决的合适之地。

Adjourn （使）休庭

例句：

The court may not adjourn until three or even later.
法庭要到3点或更晚时才会休庭。

Affidavit 宣誓证言

例句：

The lawyer invited his client to subscribe the affidavit.
律师请他的客户在宣誓证言上签了名。

Appeal 上诉

例句：

We intend to appeal the verdict.
我们打算对裁决提出上诉。

Bail 保释

例句：

He was yesterday given bail by South Yorkshire magistrates.
昨天南约克郡法院准予他获得保释。

Civil action 民事诉讼

例句：

She brought a civil action against one of her neighbours.
她对她的一个邻居提出民事诉讼。

Contempt of court 藐视法庭

例句：

He faced imprisonment for contempt of court.
他因藐视法庭面临监禁。

Continuance 诉讼延期

例句：

His attorney succeeds in getting a one month continuance.
他的律师成功申请到诉讼延期1个月。

Convict 定罪

例句：

That jury will never convict me.
陪审团才不会给我定罪。

Counterclaim 反诉

例句：

The producers filed a counterclaim asserting the copyright claims were baseless.

制作人团队提起反诉，声称版权诉讼毫无根据。

Court order 法庭指令

例句：

She has decided not to appeal against a court order banning her from keeping animals.
对于法院禁止她饲养动物的指令，她决定不再上诉。

Cross-examination 交叉讯问

例句：

The witness tripped up rather badly under close cross-examination.
这个证人在严密的交叉盘问之下破绽百出。

Custody 羁押，拘留

例句：

Two more suspects have now been taken into custody.
又有两个嫌疑人被拘留了。

Damages 损害赔偿

例句：

A High Court judge had awarded him £6 million damages.
高级法院法官裁定他获得600万英镑的损失赔偿金。

Defendant 被告

例句：

The defence pleaded insanity, but the defendant was found guilty and sentenced.
辩方以精神错乱为由进行申辩，但被告被判有罪并获刑。

Dismissal （案件）驳回（动词为dismiss）

例句：

The judge announced the dismissal of the case.
法官宣布驳回该案。

Evidence 证据，证物，证词

例句：

The forensic scientists who carried out the original tests will be called to give evidence.
进行最初化验的法医学家将被传唤到庭作证。

Felony 重罪

例句：

Every defendant charged with a felony has a right to be charged by the Grand Jury.
重罪案被告都有权由大陪审团审理。

Forfeiture 没收（财产等）

例句：

The forfeiture of illegally obtained profits is part of the penalty.
没收非法获利是处罚的一部分。

Guilty 有罪的

例句：

Four men were found guilty of breach of the peace.
四名男子被判扰乱治安罪名成立。

未完待续（To be continued)

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）