南方“强降雨” 巴黎闹“水灾”

这两天，微博上好些大号都在发巴黎闹水灾，卢浮宫关闭的消息和图片，满眼一片汪洋。

在国内，南方多地遭暴雨袭击，强降雨已致南方9省份164.7万人受灾。国家防总消息显示，多条江河水位已经超过1998年同期水位。

媒体在报道强降雨以及水灾的时候，主要关注受灾情况、应对措施以及未来预期。

下面，我们就从上述这三个方面一起来学学英文媒体在报道巴黎水灾和中国南方暴雨灾害时的常用表达。

【受灾情况】

国内：

Pedestrians walk on a flooded street in Jiujiang, east China's Jiangxi
Province, June 1, 2016. Torrential rain hit the city and caused flood.
(Xinhua/Hu Guolin)

More than ten cities and counties in Guangxi were hit by floods in the last three days.
过去三天，广西有十多个城镇遭遇水灾。

About 592 people were displaced, and 27,800 people were affected.
约592人被转移，27800人受灾。

Direct economic loss totaled 28 million yuan.
造成的直接经济损失达2800万元。

巴黎：

Nearly a week of heavy rain has led to serious flooding across parts of France, Germany, Romania and Belgium.
近一周的强降雨导致法国、德国、罗马尼亚和比利时部分地区遭遇洪水灾害。

The death toll from flooding in France rose to four, with 24 others injured, French Prime Minister Manuel Valls said Saturday after a government crisis meeting, bringing the flooding death toll across Europe to 18.
法国总理表示，洪灾已导致法国4人死亡，24人受伤，欧洲各国死亡总数达到18人。

The Seine had breached 6 meters in central Paris, submerging riverside roads, swamping small businesses on quaysides and forcing the closure of an underground commuter line.
塞纳河冲破6米警戒水位，淹没了河边的道路，河水淹进码头区的小店铺，并致使一条地铁线路关闭。

The heavy flooding of the past week could cost French insurance companies some 600 million euros ($680.5 million) or more.
过去一周的严重水灾或使法国各保险公司支付超过6亿欧元的保费。

常用词小结

hit: 打击、袭击，这个词的主语一定是heavy rain、flood等自然灾害，受灾的一方是be hit by...

displace：移走，如果说someone was displaced，我们也可以理解为“某人被迫离开家”或者“背井离乡”

breach：这个词我们不陌生，表示“违背、破坏”的意思，在闹水灾的时候，一般指河水冲破了警戒水位

submerge：（使）没入水中（it goes below the surface of water）

swamp：（水）淹进某地（it fills it with water）

death toll：死亡人数

【应对措施】

国内：

As of Wednesday evening, more than 100 trapped people had been rescued and more than 1,000 evacuated to safer places.
截止周三晚间，已有100多名被困群众被解救，另有1000多人被疏散到安全地区。

The observatory urged local authorities to step up preparatory work against possible mountain floods, landslides and mud-rock flows.
中央气象台提醒当地政府加紧做好应对可能发生的山洪、山体滑坡、泥石流等灾害。

The Louvre and Orsay museums in Paris moved scores of artworks and precious artifacts to safety and soldiers evacuated residents trapped in some of the French capital's suburbs as the rain-swollen river Seine hit its highest level in 35 years.
受降雨影响、水位暴涨的塞纳河到达35年内最高水位，卢浮宫和奥赛博物馆将数十件艺术品和珍贵手工艺品转移至安全地带，士兵们协助困在巴黎城郊的居民撤离。

Authorities shut the Louvre museum, the national library, the Orsay museum and the Grand Palais, Paris' striking glass-and-steel topped exhibition center.
政府关闭了卢浮宫、国家图书馆、奥赛博物馆以及巴黎大皇宫，后者是巴黎最具吸引力的一处展览中心，顶部由玻璃和钢结构封顶。

常用词小结

trap：陷入困境，卡住

rescue：救援，常说的“救灾救援”就可以用disaster relief and rescue表示

evacuate：疏散、撤离，名词形式为evacuation

【未来预期】

国内：

Heavy rain will pound parts of southwest China in the next three days, China's national observatory forecast on Sunday.
中央气象台周日表示，未来三天，中国西南地区还将迎来强降雨。

The observatory issued a blue alert, the least serious of the nation's four-tier warning system, for torrential weather as hails and thunderstorm are expected in some parts of Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Guangdong provinces on Sunday and Monday.
中央气象台发布了暴雨蓝雨预警，山西、河北、河南、山东和广东等省部分地区周日和周一将有冰雹和雷暴天气。

巴黎：

Officials said the river could peak at 6.50 meters later on Friday, and warned flood waters could take several weeks to recede after the wettest May in France for 100 years.
有官员表示，塞纳河水位周五可能会到达6.5米高位，洪水可能需要数周才能退去。今年5月是巴黎10年来雨水最多的一个月。

常用词小结

downpour 暴雨

storm/tempest/rainstorm 暴风雨

thundershower 雷阵雨

thunderstorm 雷暴

hail 冰雹

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

flash floods 山洪暴发

water level 水位

flood level 洪水水位

warning level 警戒水位

watercourses 河道/水道

water discharge 排水量

water volume 水量

water reservoirs 水库

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）