中国关于联合国成立70周年的立场文件

习近平主席将于9月26日至28日出席联合国成立70周年系列峰会，包括出席联合国大会一般性辩论、发展峰会以及中方倡议举行的全球妇女峰会和南南合作圆桌会。这是习主席首次出席联合国峰会，具有重要的历史意义。
President Xi Jinping will attend the series of summits marking the 70th anniversary of the UN from September 26 to 28, including the General Debate of the UN General Assembly and UN Development Summit, as well as the Global Summit of Women (GSW) and the Roundtable on South-South Cooperation proposed by China. This is the first time for President Xi Jinping to attend the UN summits and therefore is of great historic significance.

9月21日，外交部发布《中国关于联合国成立70周年的立场文件》，全面介绍中国对联合国成立70周年有关重大问题的看法，就联合国成立70周年系列峰会重要活动、安理会作用、联合国维和行动、公共卫生安全、儿童、教育、残疾人权益、气候变化、恐怖主义、网络安全、人权、加强联合国工作效率和效力等问题阐述中方立场和主张。
On September 21, the Foreign Ministry released China's Position Paper on the 70th Anniversary of the UN, comprehensively introducing China's views on major issues related to the UN's 70 anniversary and elaborating China's positions and propositions on the important events of the summits, the role of the UN Security Council, UN peace-keeping missions, public health security, children, education, rights and interests of the handicapped, climate change, terrorism, cyber security, human rights, enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the UN and other issues.

以下为该文件全文：

一、2015年是联合国成立70周年，也是世界反法西斯战争和中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年。联合国是世界反法西斯战争胜利的成果，承载着各国人民对和平与发展的殷切期望。联合国的成立是人类历史上一件具有划时代意义的大事，是人类和平进步事业的一座里程碑。
I. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations (UN) and victory of the world anti-fascist war and Chinese People's War Against Japanese Aggression. As an outcome of victory against fascism, the UN embodies the ardent hope of people around the world for peace and development. Its founding is an epoch-making event in the history of mankind and a milestone in the quest for peace and progress.

70年来，作为最具代表性和权威性的政府间国际组织，联合国依靠和平与安全、发展、人权三大支柱，为促进人类进步事业发挥着不可替代的作用，并取得了巨大成就。
In the past 70 years, as the most representative and authoritative intergovernmental organization in the world, the UN, with its three pillars of peace and security, development, and human rights, has played an irreplaceable role and accomplished a great deal in promoting human progress.

70年后的今天，《联合国宪章》并没有过时。国际社会不仅应当重温《宪章》精神，还应当结合当今时代潮流和实际需要，不断丰富《宪章》的内涵，赋予其新的生机与活力。
Seventy years on, the UN Charter remains as relevant as ever. It is important that the international community renews the spirit of the Charter and, more importantly, enrich and reinvigorate it in light of the trend of our times and the needs of the world.

当今世界是一个变革的世界，是一个新机遇新挑战层出不穷的世界，是一个国际体系和国际秩序经历深度调整的世界，是一个国际力量对比正在深刻变化并朝着有利于和平与发展方向变化的世界，和平、发展、合作、共赢的时代潮流更加强劲。同时，我们依然面临诸多新挑战、新难题。国际金融危机的深层次影响还未消除，贫困等全球性问题仍未解决，地区热点此起彼伏，恐怖主义、网络安全等非传统安全威胁上升，维护世界和平、促进共同发展依然有很长路要走。
We live in a changing world full of new opportunities and challenges. The international system and order are undergoing profound adjustments, with the balance of power shifting in favor of peace and development. The trend of our times featuring peace, development and win-win cooperation is becoming more pronounced. On the other hand, there are a multitude of new and tough challenges. The world economy has not recovered from the lingering impact of the global financial crisis. Poverty and other worldwide problems still persist. Regional hotspot issues keep flaring up. Terrorism, cyber-security and other unconventional security threats are on the rise. All in all, achieving world peace and development is a long and uphill battle.

在此背景下，国际社会对联合国的期待上升，联合国肩负的责任也更加艰巨。联合国的作用只能加强而不能削弱，联合国的权威必须维护而不能损害。
Against this background, there are growing expectations for the UN to take on more responsibilities. Today, the role of the UN must be strengthened rather than weakened; its authority must be upheld instead of undermined.

二、国际社会要以纪念联合国成立70周年为重要契机，回顾历史，展望未来，达到以下目标，以早日实现《联合国宪章》所绘愿景：
II. The 70th anniversary of the UN is an important opportunity for the international community to review history, look ahead to the future and achieve the following objectives so as to turn the vision of the UN Charter into reality at an early date.

——牢记历史教训，维护世界反法西斯战争胜利成果，致力于避免后世再遭惨不堪言之战祸。
- It is important to remember the lessons of history and uphold the outcome of the world anti-fascist war so as to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war".

——捍卫《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则。坚持尊重各国自主选择发展道路和社会制度，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端。
- It is important to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, respect countries' choice of development path and social system, and settle differences and disputes peacefully through dialogue and consultation.

——倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续安全的理念，尊重和保障每一个国家的安全，建设开放、透明、平等的国际安全合作架构，走出一条共建、共享、共赢的安全新路，共同维护地区和世界和平稳定。
- It is important to advocate common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, respect and ensure the security of each country, build an international security cooperation architecture based on openness, transparency and equality, embark on a new path toward security by all, of all and for all and make joint efforts to safeguard regional and global peace and stability.

——推动国际关系的民主化和法治化。在国际关系中坚持和平共处五项原则，维护国际公平正义，用统一适用的规则来明是非、促和平、谋发展。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等成员，都应平等参与国际规则制定，依法行使权利，不能借“法治”之名行侵害他国权益之实。
- It is important to promote greater democracy and the rule of law in international relations. The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, equality and justice must be upheld in international relations. Universally applicable rules must be adopted to tell right from wrong and promote peace and development. Countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are all equal members of the international community and entitled to equal-footed participation in international rule-making and law-based exercise of rights. No attempt should be made, in the name of "rule of law", to undermine other countries' rights and interests.

——维护和发展开放型世界经济，推动强劲、可持续、平衡增长，完善全球经济治理，确保各国在国际经济合作中机会平等、规则平等、权利平等，实现世界普遍繁荣，各国共同发展。
- It is important to maintain and develop an open global economy, improve global economic governance, and ensure equal opportunities, fair rules and equal rights in international economic cooperation so as to achieve prosperity and development for all.

——推进全球发展合作，重点帮助发展中国家解决发展关切，推动各国走上公平、包容、可持续的发展道路。
- It is important to advance global development cooperation, with a focus on addressing the development concerns of developing countries, so as to help all countries take a path of equitable, inclusive and sustainable development.

——尊重各国自主选择人权发展道路，同等重视两类人权，开展平等和建设性对话与合作，推动公正客观处理人权问题，促进国际人权事业健康发展。
- It is important to respect countries' right to choose their own path of human rights development, place equal importance on both categories of human rights, engage in equal-footed and constructive dialogue and cooperation, approach human rights issues in a just and objective manner, and promote the healthy development of the human rights cause globally.

——坚持求同存异、开放包容，在交流互鉴中取长补短，在求同存异中共同前进，让各个文明都绽放出自己的光彩。
- It is important to seek common ground while reserving differences, embrace openness and inclusiveness, draw on each other's strengths through exchanges and mutual learning, work together for common progress despite differences and celebrate the cultural diversity of the world.

——推动构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，推动国际秩序和国际体系朝着更加公正合理的方向发展，推动建设人类命运共同体。推动各国把本国利益同别国共同利益结合起来，努力扩大利益汇合点，以合作谋和平，以合作促发展，以合作实现双赢、多赢和共赢。
- It is important to build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, bring about a more just and equitable international order and build a community of common destiny for the entire humanity. Countries should align their interests with those of other countries, expand areas of converging interests and pursue peace, development and win-win outcomes for all through cooperation.

——在国际事务中更多倾听发展中国家呼声，反映发展中国家诉求，维护发展中国家权益，增加发展中国家在联合国及相关国际机构的发言权和代表性。
- It is important to pay greater attention to the voice of developing countries in international affairs, reflect their aspirations, protect their rights and interests, and increase their say in the UN and relevant international institutions.

三、在联合国成立70周年之际，国际社会应携手努力，推动联合国成为国际和平与安全的有力维护者，世界发展与繁荣的积极促进者。中国建议重点围绕以下方面开展工作：
III. Marking the 70th anniversary of the UN, the world needs to come together to make it a strong champion of peace and security and vigorous advocate of development and prosperity. China suggests that the UN prioritize work in the following areas.

（一）实现发展是世界各国的共同诉求。各国应抓住9月联合国发展峰会的历史机遇，展示政治意愿，凝聚共识，推进全球发展进程。应做好2015年后发展议程后续落实工作，坚持“共同但有区别的责任”原则，尊重各自国情、发展模式和发展道路，共同致力于消除极端贫困，推动经济、社会、环境协调发展，缩小南北差距，实现共同繁荣与发展。
(1) Development is the shared aspiration of all countries. We need to seize the historic opportunity of the UN Special Summit on Sustainable Development to be held this coming September to marshal the political will and consensus for promoting global development. We need to ensure sound follow-up implementation of the post-2015 development agenda, uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, respect each other's national conditions and development model and path, work together to eliminate extreme poverty, advance coordinated development of the economy, society and environment, narrow the North-South gap, and achieve common prosperity and development.

（二）建立更加平等均衡的全球发展伙伴关系是实现共同发展的坚实保障。发达国家要履行应尽的国际责任，兑现官方发展援助承诺，推进南北合作。作为南北合作的补充，发展中国家可加强南南合作，实现联合自强，为充实发展伙伴关系作出贡献。中国将与联合国在今年9月联合国系列峰会期间共同举办南南合作圆桌会，推动各方在2015年后发展议程框架下进一步提升南南合作的成效。
(2) A more equitable and balanced global partnership for development provides a solid underpinning for common development. It is imperative that developed countries honor their due international responsibilities and commitments on official development aid and push forward North-South cooperation. As a complement to North-South cooperation, developing countries may enhance South-South cooperation to seek strength through unity and help enrich the development partnership. China and the UN will jointly hold a round table on South-South cooperation in September as leaders gather for UN summits to redouble efforts for more effective South-South cooperation under the framework of the post-2015 development agenda.

（三）联大一般性辩论是联合国最高讲坛，第70届联大一般性辩论更具有特殊意义。各国应围绕如何实现永不再战的愿景、实现不同国家和文明和睦相处、推动国际关系的民主化和法治化、构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系、建设一个美好世界、加强联合国作用等重大问题展开辩论，为世界和联合国未来指明方向。
(3) The General Debate of the 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) carries special significance. At this most august forum in the UN, countries can discuss such momentous issues as preventing war, achieving harmonious coexistence between countries and civilizations, promote greater democracy and the rule of law in international relations, building a new type of international relations on the basis of win-win cooperation, making the world a better place, and enhancing the role of the UN so as to point the way forward for the world as well as the UN.

（四）性别平等和妇女赋权是人类社会发展进步的重要标志。中国与联合国妇女署将于今年9月在联合国总部联合举办全球妇女峰会。我们希望各方积极支持和参与这次峰会，并就切实落实联合国第四次世界妇女大会通过的《北京宣言》和《行动纲领》、实现2015年后发展议程妇女领域目标做出政治承诺，提供资金支持。
(4) Gender equality and women's empowerment are important measures of human development and progress. China and UN Women will hold a global summit on women at the UN headquarters in September this year. We hope that various parties will actively support and attend this summit, make political commitments on implementing the Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action adopted on the Fourth World Conference on Women and fulfilling the goals relating to women in the post-2015 development agenda, and provide financial support for this endeavor.

（五）当前国际和平与安全仍面临各种传统和非传统安全威胁的挑战。安理会作为国际集体安全机制的核心，在维护国际和平与安全上负有首要责任。加强国际集体安全机制，推动政治解决地区热点问题，让安理会更好地履行《联合国宪章》赋予的职责，这具有十分重要的意义。
(5) International peace and security is still challenged by various traditional and non-traditional security threats. At the core of the international collective security mechanism, the Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It is vitally important to strengthen the international collective security mechanism, encourage political settlement of regional hotspot issues, and enable the Security Council to better perform its responsibilities under the UN Charter.

（六）联合国维和行动是实践多边主义、维护集体安全的有效手段。中方希望维和行动根据国际形势发展变化进行改进与调整，加强战略设计，制定更加合理可行授权，提高部署效率，改善管理和内部协调，帮助加强发展中国家能力建设。中方支持联合国秘书长倡议对维和行动进行评估和改进，希望联合国通过与会员国广泛协商寻求共识，坚持维和行动三原则，确定联合国维和行动未来发展方向，更好地完成维护和建设和平、保护平民等各项任务。
(6) The UN peacekeeping operations are an effective means to practice multilateralism and maintain collective security. China hopes that the peacekeeping operations will be improved and readjusted in light of the evolving international situation with clearer strategic vision, more appropriate and practical mandate, greater efficiency in deployment and improved management and internal coordination, so as to help developing countries with capacity building. China supports the UN Secretary-General's initiative of evaluating and improving the peacekeeping missions and hopes that the UN will seek consensus with member states through broad-based consultation, uphold the three principles of peacekeeping operations, set their future direction and better perform the tasks of peacekeeping, peace-building, civilian protection, etc.

（七）埃博拉、中东呼吸综合征等疫情接连发生，再次敲响了国际公共卫生安全的警钟。儿童、教育等领域的工作事关人类长远发展。保护残疾人权益需要国际社会的广泛关注。联合国成立70周年是重要机遇，应就公共卫生安全、儿童、教育、残疾人权益等重要问题进行深入讨论并取得具体成果，推动国际社会制定全面战略，并加大投入，让人人享有发展。
(7) The outbreaks of epidemics such as Ebola and MERS have once again sounded the alarm for international public health security. Children- and education-related work concerns the future of mankind. The rights and interests of people with disabilities deserve international attention. The 70th anniversary of the UN is an important opportunity for the international community to have in-depth and results-oriented discussions on such important issues as public health security, children, education and the rights and interests of people with disabilities, etc., so as to develop comprehensive strategies in these areas. More resources must be made available to enable development for all.

（八）气候变化是人类面临的共同挑战。2015年是气候变化谈判的关键一年，各方对《联合国气候变化框架公约》第21次缔约方大会充满期待。中方愿与有关各方一道，按照“共同但有区别的责任”原则、公平原则、各自能力原则，共同推动巴黎气候变化会议如期达成新协议，建立公平合理、合作共赢的全球气候治理体制。联合国应为此目标提供政治指导，凝聚政治意愿。
(8) Climate change is a challenge facing all mankind. This year is a critical year for climate change negotiations. Various parties have high expectations for the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. China is ready to work with other parties to reach a new agreement in Paris based on the principles of "common but differentiated responsibilities", equity and respective capabilities, and put in place a fair, equitable, cooperative and win-win global climate governance system. The UN needs to provide political guidance and build political will for this purpose.

（九）国际社会正经历恐怖主义的一次回潮，各方必须团结一致，共同应对。打击恐怖主义需要标本兼治、多措并举、协调一致，充分发挥联合国及安理会的主导作用。反恐不能搞双重标准，更不能把恐怖主义与特定国家、民族和宗教联系起来。面对国际恐怖主义新特点和新变化，国际社会要拿出新思路和新举措，加大信息收集与分享，切断网络恐怖传播、恐怖分子跨境流通和恐怖融资等渠道，推进去极端化等源头治理，最大限度挤压恐怖主义的生存空间。
(9) The world is experiencing a resurgence of terrorism. All parties must unite to combat it. We must address both the symptoms and the root causes of terrorism by taking multi-faceted and coordinated measures, and bring into full play the lead role of the UN and its Security Council. We must reject double standard and not link terrorism with any particular country, ethnicity or religion. The international community needs to adopt new approaches and measures in light of the new features and changes of international terrorism, step up information collecting and sharing, cut off channels for disseminating cyber-terrorism, cross-border flow of terrorists and terrorist financing, and work on deradicalization to eliminate terrorism at its source and squeeze its space.

（十）网络安全已成为事关国家主权、安全和发展的重大战略问题。中方主张国际社会在相互尊重、平等互利的基础上加强合作，共同构建和平、安全、开放、合作的网络空间。应在联合国框架下制定相关国际规则，推进多边、民主和透明的互联网国际治理机制。
(10) Cyber-security has become a strategic issue for national sovereignty, security and development. China is in favor of stronger international cooperation on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit and the establishment of a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace. It is necessary to develop international rules under the aegis of the UN and evolve a democratic and transparent multilateral mechanism for governing the Internet.

（十一）“人人得享人权”是人类共同追求的崇高理想，但战火、贫困、疾病、歧视等仍然构成巨大威胁和挑战。中方主张国际社会始终以公正、客观和非选择性方式处理人权问题，摒弃政治化和双重标准，支持联合国人权理事会、人权高专等机制发挥应有作用，通过交流与合作，切实促进和保障人权。
(11) "Everyone is entitled to all human rights", but war, poverty, disease and discrimination, among others, still threaten and challenge this noble aspiration. China maintains that the international community needs to handle the human rights issue in an impartial, objective and non-selective manner and reject any attempt to politicize the issue or exercise double standard. We need to support the UN Human Rights Council and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in playing their due role, and promote and protect human rights through communication and cooperation.

（十二）成立70周年应成为联合国再定位和再出发的重要契机。希望联合国在当前承前启后的关键时期，对各领域工作进行审评与完善，加强联合国工作效率和效力，为联合国的全面振兴注入新动力，更好地服务“联合国人民”。应避免在联合国成立70周年之际引入有争议的问题，以维护会员国团结，并防止干扰对相关重大议程的讨论。
(12) The 70th anniversary should be taken as an important opportunity for the UN to redefine itself and embark on a new journey. At this critical juncture in its history, the UN should will review and improve its work in all areas, enhance efficiency and effectiveness and find strength to rejuvenate itself, so as to better serve the "people of the United Nations". Controversial topics should be avoided during the 70th anniversary year to uphold unity of UN membership and prevent distraction to discussions on key items on the UN's agenda.

（来源：外交部网站，编辑：Helen）